Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites for Automotive Applications

Njuguna, James; Wambua, Paul Musili; Pielichowski, Krzysztof; Kayvantash, Kambiz

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-17370-7_23

Cited by 56 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…From the middle of last century, several natural fibers were incorporated into different matrices to be applied as engineering materials 11 . In past decades, an exponential growth in both research works [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] and industrial applications [23][24][25] has confer to natural fiber composites a prominent position owing to their technical properties (lightness, lower abrasion to molding equipments, toughness and strength) as well as economical, societal and environmental advantages 20 . Multilayered armors with a front ceramic followed by aramid fabric (Kevlar ™ ) are currently used against high velocity ammunition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

et al. 2015

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

et al. 2015

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“…In automotive applications, lightweight sustainable composites lessen the dependence on petroleum resources and replacing dense (talc fillers) as well as man-made fillers (glass and carbon fibers) with more environmentally friendly materials (Leao et al 1998;Zhao and Zhou 2014). Recently in Europe and North America, the use of natural fibers as fillers in plastic composites has received considerable attention in the automotive industry because of their low cost compared to carbon fibers, low density versus other fillers (2.5 g/cm 3 for glass fibers and 2.75 g/cm 3 for talc fillers), good mechanical properties, ease of fiber surface modification via functional groups, relative non-abrasiveness to compounding and processing tools, renewability, biodegradability, and world-wide availability (Joshi et al 2004;Santos et al 2008;Njuguna et al 2011;Ozen et al 2012). The future of the natural fiber composites (NFCs) market looks attractive, and the global NFCs market is forecast to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.2% from 2015 to 2020 (Lucintel 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

Kiziltas¹,

Han²,

Kızıltaş³

et al. 2016

BioResources

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aThis study describes changes in the viscoelastic and thermal properties of composites made with various percentages (up to 20 wt.%) of a natural fiber blend (a mixture of flax, kenaf, and hemp fibers) and polyamide 6 (PA 6). According to the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses, the incorporation of natural fibers produced minor changes in the glass transition (Tg), melting (Tm), and crystallization temperature (Tc) of the PA 6 composites. Because of the reinforcing effect of natural fibers, the storage modulus (E') from dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) increased as the natural fiber content increased. The E' values at room temperature and Tg were 3960 MPa and 1800 MPa, respectively, with the incorporation 20 wt.% fiber, which were 68% and 193% higher than the E' value of neat PA 6. As the natural fiber content increased, the thermal stability of the composites decreased, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the onset temperature of rapid thermal degradation decreased from around 440 (neat PA 6) to 420 °C (20 wt.% natural fiber blend). The addition of 20 wt.% single type fibers showed comparable DSC and TG results to the incorporation of 20 wt.% natural fiber blends.

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“…Its strength varies between 350 and 1500 MPa whilst its modulus can be as high as 80 GPa [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. These properties combined with its very low density and excellent damping properties make flax fibres a very good alternative to glass fibres in structural applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermo-mechanical performance of poly(lactic acid)/flax fibre-reinforced biocomposites

Nassiopoulos

Njuguna

2015

Materials & Design

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In this study, the thermo-mechanical performance of flax fibre reinforced poly lactic acid (PLA) biocomposites was investigated for the potential use in load bearing application such as body-in-white and body structures in the automotive sector. Focus was given into the relationships between the thermal and mechanical properties, and the material response under different loading and environmental conditions. The strength (72 MPa) and stiffness (13GPa) of flax/PLA composites investigated indicate a very promising material to replace traditional choices in load bearing application. The PLA's crystallinity was measured to approximately 27%. Annealing above 100 °C for an hour decreased that value to 30%, but analysis of tensile results of annealed specimens reveals a significant reduction of both the tensile strength and modulus. This reduction is associated with micro-cracking that occurred on the surface of PLA during the heating as well as deterioration of the flax properties due to drying. The study results show that strength and modulus increased with increasing strain rates, while elongation at break reduces respectively. A modulus of 22 GPa was recorded in 4.2 m/sec crosshead velocity. Further, flax/PLA showed significantly higher modulus than flax/epoxy for the composites studied. Improvement of the interfacial bonding and the temperature characteristics, combined the thermoplastic nature of PLA, demonstrates that flax/PLA composites is ideal for use in structural automotive applications.

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Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites and Nanocomposites for Automotive Applications

Cited by 56 publications

References 75 publications

Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

Ballistic Test of Multilayered Armor with Intermediate Epoxy Composite Reinforced with Jute Fabric

Thermal Analysis of Polyamide 6 Composites Filled by Natural Fiber Blend

Thermo-mechanical performance of poly(lactic acid)/flax fibre-reinforced biocomposites

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