Natural falling of beetle-killed ponderosa pine

Schmid, J. M.; Mata, S. A.; McCambridge, W. F.

doi:10.2737/rm-rn-454

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…differences among the species may also be influenced by characteristics of the microsites they occupy and the interaction of microsite with species. While Pinus ponderosa survival was the same in southwestern and northeastern Oregon and Colorado, Pinus contorta survival was twice as long in the southern Rockies as in the northern Rockies and Blrte Mountains of eastern Oregon Hinds 197% Lyon 1977: Bull 1983;Schmid et al 1985). Likewise, Half-times of Picea engelmannii have been consistently reported near 30 years, yet at one site in southern Coloriido, half-time reached only 15 years (Schmid and Hinds 1974).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Binus ponderosa killed by fire remained standing longer thm those killed by bark beetles in eastern Oregon (Keen 1929;Dahms 1949;Schmid et al 1985). Likewise, fall rates differed among snags created artificially by several alternative methods in northeastern Oregon (Bull and Partridge 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Increasink snag DBH has been widely shown to lengthen snag survival (Keen 1929(Keen , 1955Dahms 1949;Lyon 1977;Cline et al 1980;Graham 1982;Bull 1983;Landram et al 2002); however, there have been exceptions (e.g., Schmid et al 1985). On the PEE an increase in diameter from 5 to 50 cm at an SD1 of 700 resulted in an increased snag halftime from 5 to 11 years for Picea rubens and from 8 to 19 years for Thuja occidentalis.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…ex Laws. (Dahms 1949; Keen 1955; Schmid et al 1985;Bull and Partridge 1986;Landram et al 2002) and from 5 to 10 years for Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Snag longevity under alternative silvicultural regimes in mixed-species forests of central Maine

Garber¹,

Brown²,

Wilson³

et al. 2005

Can. J. For. Res.

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Predictions of snag longevity, defined here as the probability of snag survival to a given age, are key to designing silvicultural regimes that ensure their availability for wildlife and form an important component of carbon flow models. Species, diameter at breast height, stand density, management regime. and agent of tree mortality were assessed for their effect on snag longevity in a long-term siivicultural study on the Penobscot Experimental Forest in central Maine. Snag recruitment and fall data from USDA Forest Service inventories between 1981 and 1997 were analyzed using parametric survival analysis. A Weibull model fit the data best, indicating a significant lag time followed by rapid . fall rates. Half-times varied among species. with Thuja occidentalis L. having the longest (10 years) and Picea species the shortest (6 years). Snag longex~ity was signilicantly greater with increasing diameter and decreased with increasing stand density. Agent of mortality and silvicultural treatment were also significant. Two models were developed for estimating probability of snag survival over time. one that included predictor variables unique to the silvicultural systems study on the Penobscot Experimental Forest and one using predictor variables available in most standard inventories. Snag survival models can easily be incorporated into comprehensive forest dynamics models to facilitate estimates of wildlife habitat structure and carbon flow. R b m B : La prediction de la longevit6 des chicots, dhfinie ici c o m e Ctant la probabilite de survie dles chic06 est un Clement cl6 de la conception des regimes sylvicoles qui en assurent la disponibilitk pour la faune et constitue une composante importante des modkles de flux de carbone. L'espitce, le dinmktre 2 hauteur de poitrine. la densite du peuplement, le r6gin1e d'itn~Cnagement ed la cause de mortalit6 des arbres ont 6t6 Cvalu6s pour connaftre lew effet sur la long6viti5 des chicots dans le cadre d'une etude sylvicole h long terme B la For& exp6rimeatale de Penobscot situke dam le centre du Maine, aux ~t a t s -~n i s .Les donnCes d'inventaue de 1981 A 1997 du USDA Forest Senice sur le recrutelaeht et la chute des chicots ont 6t6 Ctudihes h I'aide d'une analyse parametrique de survie. Un nnoditle de Weibull s'est le mieux ajust6 aux donnCea ce qui indique qu'il y a une importante periode de latence suivie par un taux de chute rapide. La demi-vie des chicots variait selon I'espsce, avec la plus longue (10 am) associh B Thuja occidentaZis L. et la plus courte (6 ans) & Picea spp. La longkvit6 des chicots etait significativement plus forte lorsqne leur diamktre augmentait et plus faible lorsque la densit6 du peuplement augmentait. La cause de mortalitt? et le traitement sylvicole etatent Cgalemen~ importants. Deux modeles ont C d dCvelopp6s pour estimer la probabilite de suwie des chicots en fonction du ;temps. Le premier inclut des variables de prediction propres aux systkmes sylvicoles de la Fort% exp6ri-mentale de Penobscdt et le deuxikme utilise des variab...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…ex Laws. (Dahms 1949; Keen 1955; Schmid et al 1985;Bull and Partridge 1986;Landram et al 2002) and from 5 to 10 years for Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Snag longevity under alternative silvicultural regimes in mixed-species forests of central Maine

Garber¹,

Brown²,

Wilson³

et al. 2005

Can. J. For. Res.

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“…The outbreak in our study area began only seven years previous to our field and remote sensing measurements, with most mortality occurring 2-6 years prior to measurement. Snag fall timing is variable, generally beginning 3-5 years post attack, with low initial snag fall rates that increase with time [65][66][67]; however, no studies have yet measured fall rates in the 2000s mountain pine beetle epidemic in Rocky Mountain lodgepole pine forests. In our study area, most beetle-killed trees were still standing and most 1000-h fuels were from prior disturbance.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prediction of Forest Canopy and Surface Fuels from Lidar and Satellite Time Series Data in a Bark Beetle-Affected Forest

Bright

Hudak

Meddens

et al. 2017

Forests

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Wildfire behavior depends on the type, quantity, and condition of fuels, and the effect that bark beetle outbreaks have on fuels is a topic of current research and debate. Remote sensing can provide estimates of fuels across landscapes, although few studies have estimated surface fuels from remote sensing data. Here we predicted and mapped field-measured canopy and surface fuels from light detection and ranging (lidar) and Landsat time series explanatory variables via random forest (RF) modeling across a coniferous montane forest in Colorado, USA, which was affected by mountain pine beetles (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) approximately six years prior. We examined relationships between mapped fuels and the severity of tree mortality with correlation tests. RF models explained 59%, 48%, 35%, and 70% of the variation in available canopy fuel, canopy bulk density, canopy base height, and canopy height, respectively (percent root-mean-square error (%RMSE) = 12-54%). Surface fuels were predicted less accurately, with models explaining 24%, 28%, 32%, and 30% of the variation in litter and duff, 1 to 100-h, 1000-h, and total surface fuels, respectively (%RMSE = 37-98%). Fuel metrics were negatively correlated with the severity of tree mortality, except canopy base height, which increased with greater tree mortality. Our results showed how bark beetle-caused tree mortality significantly reduced canopy fuels in our study area. We demonstrated that lidar and Landsat time series data contain substantial information about canopy and surface fuels and can be used for large-scale efforts to monitor and map fuel loads for fire behavior modeling at a landscape scale.

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Postfire influences of snag attrition on albedo and radiative forcing

O’Halloran

Acker

Joerger

et al. 2014

Geophysical Research Letters

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This paper examines albedo perturbation and radiative forcing after a high-severity fire in a mature forest in the Oregon Cascade Range. Correlations between postfire albedo and seedling, sapling, and snag (standing dead tree) density were investigated across fire severity classes and seasons for years 4-15 after fire. Albedo perturbation was 14 times larger in winter compared to summer and increased with fire severity class for the first several years. Albedo perturbation increased linearly with time over the study period. Correlations between albedo perturbations and the vegetation densities were strongest with snags, and significant in all fire classes in both summer and winter (R < À0.92, p < 0.01). The resulting annual radiative forcing at the top of the atmosphere became more negative linearly at a rate of À0.86 W m À2 yr À1, reaching À15 W m À2 in year 15 after fire. This suggests that snags can be the dominant controller of postfire albedo on decadal time scales.

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Natural falling of beetle-killed ponderosa pine

Cited by 27 publications

References 0 publications

Snag longevity under alternative silvicultural regimes in mixed-species forests of central Maine

Snag longevity under alternative silvicultural regimes in mixed-species forests of central Maine

Prediction of Forest Canopy and Surface Fuels from Lidar and Satellite Time Series Data in a Bark Beetle-Affected Forest

Postfire influences of snag attrition on albedo and radiative forcing

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