Natural disasters and population mobility in Bangladesh

Gray, Clark; Mueller, Valerie

doi:10.1073/pnas.1115944109

Cited by 477 publications

(338 citation statements)

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“…Members of some poorer households migrate after an environmental event and can indeed cope with its immediate effects, while others experience significant barriers to migration that exist irrespective of environmental hazards. Overall, there does not seem to be a clear link between temporary migration after a disaster and an increase in permanent migration (Gray & Mueller, 2012;Joarder & Miller, 2013).…”

Section: Environmentally Induced Migration In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A longitudinal study (1994 -2010) undertaken in 14 districts across Bangladesh found that 59% of all long-term moves occur within the respective districts, while 39% of migrants move outside their district of origin. Of these long-distance moves, 81% were to urban centres, 13% to international destinations and 6% to other rural districts (Gray & Mueller, 2012).…”

Section: Environmentally Induced Migration In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clouds gather in the sky, but no rain falls. Vulnerability to rainfall variability and food insecurity in Northern Bangladesh and its effects on migration

Etzold

Ahmed

Hassan³

et al. 2013

Climate and Development

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This article presents empirical evidence on changing rainfall patterns in Kurigram district in northern Bangladesh, on the local people's perception of these changes, and on their decision to migrate, or not, in order to cope with rainfall variability and food insecurity. Our study was conducted as one of eight case studies within the 'Where the Rain Falls' Project. Taking on a social vulnerability perspective, we show that migration from the region is not driven by climatic changes, but rather by the existing livelihood and labour migration systems. First, there is a distinct seasonality and thus rainfall dependency of rural livelihoods, which makes the rural population sensitive to changing rainfall patterns. Second, rainfall variability and food security are closely intertwined. Third, the distinct rhythm in the labour migration system is largely structured by seasonal hunger (Monga) in northern Bangladesh and by the demand for agricultural labourers and informal workers at the respective destinations. Fourth, persisting local patterns of social inequality shape both people's condition of food security and their decision to migrate for work or not. We conclude that, instead of climate change, social inequality and food insecurity as well as structural economic differences are the strongest drivers of migration inside Bangladesh.

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Section: Environmentally Induced Migration In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmentally Induced Migration In Bangladeshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clouds gather in the sky, but no rain falls. Vulnerability to rainfall variability and food insecurity in Northern Bangladesh and its effects on migration

Etzold

Ahmed

Hassan³

et al. 2013

Climate and Development

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“…In such a context, climate changes have been framed as first affecting agricultural production and then acting on individual and household migration behavior through related effects on livelihoods [65,83]. The importance of agriculture as a mediating channel in the relationship between climate change and migration emerges clearly from both the micro-level country studies and the relatively few macro-level analyses using cross-sectional data over longer time periods.…”

Section: Climate Agriculture and Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Micro-level studies using individual and household data, and employing both cross-sectional and panel data approaches, have been often applied to countries highly dependent on the agricultural sector as the main source of income, such as Ecuador [86,87], Nigeria [76,88], Bangladesh and Ethiopia [53,83,89], Indonesia [68,90], and Tanzania [73].…”

Section: Micro-studies At the Individual And Household Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change, Agriculture and Migration: A Survey

2018

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This paper proposes a selective review of the classical economics-based literature on climate change and migration, focusing on the extent to which agriculture might be considered a key mediating channel linking climate change to migration. Overall, climate change is expected to have large and negative effects on the global economy. These effects are even more evident whenever the economic sector considered is the agricultural one, particularly in developing countries. Hence, migration can be viewed as a specific form of adaptation implemented by individuals and households, enabling them to cope, among other things, with weather-induced risk. We show that the importance of agriculture emerges from both plenty of micro-level country studies and relatively few macro-level analyses using cross-sectional data over longer time periods. Thus, policy actions targeted to sustainable agriculture and rural development can both help tackle the challenges posed by climate change and create opportunities in the face of growing migration issues. However, we also stress that much of the current evidence is based on statistical associations that have nothing to do with causal inferences. This calls for the use of a more structural approach and more sophisticated research designs, enabling the researchers to better discriminate among different mechanisms concurrently at work. In addition, further research should be addressed to the role played by food security, a complex dimension largely missing in the current debates on climate change and migration.

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“…Gray and Mueller (2012) offer evidence that climate change has contributed to migratory pressures in Bangladesh. Mueller et al (2014) argue that heat stress has lead to permanent migration from Pakistan.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Migration: A Dynamic Model

Mason

2017

CESifo Economic Studies

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. In this paper I explore a model where citizens of a country vulnerable to damages from climate change may migrate to a second country, from which a steady stream of greenhouse gases occur. If this migration imposes costs on the emitting country, then migration induces a sort of pseudo carbon tax.via political economic forces. This pseudo tax creates an incentive for the country receiving the flow of immigrants to lower its emissions, offering an offset to the costs incurred as a result of climate change. I show that the long run carbon stock, and the entire time path of production (and hence emissions), is smaller in the presence of migration. I discuss various comparative dynamics, for both the path of production and the long run atmospheric carbon stock. Terms of use: Documents in EconStor mayJEL-Codes: Q540.

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Natural disasters and population mobility in Bangladesh

Cited by 477 publications

References 44 publications

Clouds gather in the sky, but no rain falls. Vulnerability to rainfall variability and food insecurity in Northern Bangladesh and its effects on migration

Clouds gather in the sky, but no rain falls. Vulnerability to rainfall variability and food insecurity in Northern Bangladesh and its effects on migration

Climate Change, Agriculture and Migration: A Survey

Climate Change and Migration: A Dynamic Model

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