Natural Deep Eutectic Extracts of Propolis, Sideritis scardica, and Plantago major Reveal Potential Antiageing Activity during Yeast Chronological Lifespan

Abstract

Nowadays, the environmentally friendly approach to everyday life routines including body supplementation with pharma-, nutraceuticals and dietary supplements gains popularity. This trend is implemented in pharmaceutical as well as cosmetic and antiageing industries by adopting a newly developed green chemistry approach. Following this trend, a new type of solvents has been created, called Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), which are produced by plant primary metabolites. These solvents are becoming a much better alternative to the already established organic solvents like ethanol and ionic liquids by being nontoxic, biodegradable, and easy to make. An interesting fact about NADES is that they enhance the biological activities of the extracted biological compounds. Here, we present our results that investigate the potential antiageing effect of CiAPD14 as a NADES solvent and three plant extracts with it. The tested NADES extracts are from propolis and two well-known medicinal plants—Sideritis scardica and Plantago major. Together with the solvent, their antiageing properties have been tested during the chronological lifespan of four Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strains—a wild type and three chromatin mutants. The chromatin mutants have been previously proven to exhibit characteristics of premature ageing. Our results demonstrate the potential antiageing activity of these NADES extracts, which was exhibited through their ability to confer the premature ageing phenotypes in the mutant cells by ameliorating their cellular growth and cell cycle, as well as by influencing the activity of some stress-responsive genes. Moreover, we have classified their antiageing activity concerning the strength of the observed bioactivities.

Sideritis scardica Extracts Demonstrate Neuroprotective Activity against Aβ25–35 Toxicity

“…Specifically, in mice, SS extracts have been shown to decrease soluble Aβ 1-42 and Aβ aggregation by enhancing the phagocytic microglia response of Aβ and inducing the expression of a-secretase ADAM10, which cleaves Aβ [36]. Here, we show that four SS extracts (SSDM, SSM, SSW1, and SSDE) can also reduce the cytotoxic activity of Aβ [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] , with SSW1 showing this potential in differentiated cells as well. In addition, for the first time, we present neuroprotectivity in SS extracts generated by using less-polar solvents, such as dichloromethane.…”

“…Extracts derived from SS have high contents of flavonoids and phenolics, substances with many pharmacological effects, such as antioxidant, anticancer, and antiviral properties [27][28][29]. Furthermore, methanolic and natural deep eutectic extracts of SS have demonstrated antiaging potential as well; ethanolic extracts showed remarkable anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant capacities, while an SS dichloromethane extract exhibited anti-inflammatory activity [30][31][32][33]. SS hydroalcoholic extracts inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, noradrenaline, and dopamine.…”

Unlocking the Full Potential of Green Propolis: A Novel Extraction Approach Using Eutectic Solvents for Improved Phenolic Compound Recovery

“…Figure S2 (Supporting Information) compares the polyphenol extraction yields and ln γ ∞ for the different eutectic mixtures. Eutectic solvents have been previously used for propolis phenolic extraction. − …”

“…Eutectic solvents, also known as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), are a promising and sustainable medium for extracting natural products, such as propolis compounds. − DES are versatile solvents with numerous possibilities, prepared by mixing a hydrogen bond acceptor with at least one hydrogen bond donor in a specific stoichiometric ratio . Although DESs have gained interest as an alternative solvent for propolis extraction, few studies have evaluated their efficiency and safety compared to other solvents. − Additionally, researchers suggest that DES components may enhance the biological activity of extracted compounds. , Therefore, this article sought to innovate by choosing eutectic solvents that can function not only as solvents but also as active ingredients, thereby increasing the functionality of the final extract. Along with this, the method created here focused on minimizing the environmental impact associated with the use of volatile organic solvents.…”