“…Over the years, several techniques were used to determine outcrossing including “red seedling” cotton crossing with “green seedling” cotton (Afzal and Khan, 1950a; Bozbek et al, 2008), glanded and non‐glanded cotton (Elfawal et al, 1976; Bozbek et al, 2008), and the use of transgene movement from transgenic cotton into non‐transgenic cotton (Umbeck et al, 1991; Zhang et al, 2005; Llewellyn et al, 2007; Heuberger et al, 2010). Although the use of pigmented cotton to determine the extent of natural outcrossing throughout the US Cotton Belt has the advantage of simplicity and has proved valuable in identifying gross differences, Stephens and Finkner (1953) pointed out that there were potential shortcomings in the methods that needed further evaluation.…”