Natural Course of Euthyroidism and Clues for Early Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction: Tehran Thyroid Study

Amouzegar, Atieh; Ghaemmaghami, Zahra; Beigy, Maani; Gharibzadeh, Safoora; Mehran, Ladan; Tohidi, Maryam; Azizi, Fereidoun

doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0409

Cited by 29 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Moreover, owing to the lack of subpopulation-specific TSH reference in our area, we were unable to use subpopulation-specific TSH reference ranges to screen thyroid disorders in the population. Finally, most published studies on the associations of obesity with hypothyroidism and TAI in adults uniformly used a generic reference range of TSH for adults with different ages, sex and BMI (Table 7 ), which followed current clinical guidelines to define hypothyroidism and SCH (Knudsen et al, 2005 ; Asvold et al, 2009 ; Gopinath et al, 2010 ; Marzullo et al, 2010 ; Pearce et al, 2013 ; Jonklaas et al, 2014 ; Amouzegar et al, 2017 ; Chaker et al, 2017 ; Valdés et al, 2017 ). Therefore, our study also used a generic reference range of TSH to diagnose hypothyroidism and SCH for adults with different ages, sex and BMI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Associations of Obesity With Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity Among Chinese Adults

Wang

Song

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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There is an intensive link between obesity and thyroid dysfunction, but this relationship in Asians is still unclear. This study was conducted to define the impact of obesity on risk of hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity among Chinese adults. A population-based, cross-sectional study was carried out, which enrolled a total of 2,808 Chinese adults. To assess the associations of obesity with hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity, odds ratio (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated through logistic regression model, and the correlations of body mass index (BMI) with TPOAb and TGAb were also analyzed. Obese females had higher risk of hypothyroidism (22.7 vs. 15.0%; OR = 1.66, 95%CI 1.10–2.53; P = 0.02) and higher risk of subclinical hypothyroidism (22.1 vs. 13.4%; OR = 1.83, 95%CI 1.20–2.80; P = 0.005) than non-obese females. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found significant associations of obesity with hypothyroidism (Adjusted OR = 1.54, 95%CI 1.00–2.38; P = 0.05) and subclinical hypothyroidism (Adjusted OR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.09–2.63; P = 0.02) in females after adjustment for confounding factors. No association between obesity and hypothyroidism was observed in male participants. Spearman's correlation analysis suggested BMI was significantly and positively correlated with TPOAb (Spearman's r = 0.062, P = 0.022) in men but not in women. Linear regression analysis suggested an obviously positive correlation of BMI with TPOAb in men (β = 0.018, P = 0.015) and an obviously negative correlation of BMI with TGAb in women (β = −0.025, P = 0.012), respectively. The study suggests sex differences in the associations of obesity with hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity among Chinese adults. Further studies are needed to better understand the exact mechanism of sex difference in the obesity-thyroid relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in the Associations of Obesity With Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity Among Chinese Adults

Wang

Song

et al. 2018

Front. Physiol.

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“…Autoimmune thyroid disease has emerged as the main cause of thyroid dysfunction after the frequency of goiter caused by iodine deficiency decreased following compulsory salt iodination in developing countries (13)(14)(15)(16). Worldwide, the most common conditions associated with thyroid dysfunction are overt and subclinical hypothyroidism (10,(17)(18)(19) due to autoimmune Hashimoto's thyroiditis (20)(21)(22). Among other features, the presence of serum antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb) is the main diagnostic element of this condition (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antithyroperoxidase antibodies in a multiethnic Brazilian population: The ELSA-Brasil Study

Janovsky

Bittencourt

Goulart

et al. 2019

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: In this study, we aimed to describe the prevalence and distribution of positive antithyroperoxidase antibodies (TPOAb) according to sex, age strata, and presence of thyroid dysfunction using baseline data from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Materials and methods: Thyroid hormone tests were obtained from each study participant at baseline. Levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) were measured using a third-generation immunoenzymatic assay. Antithyroperoxidase antibodies were measured by electrochemiluminescence and were considered to be positive when ≥ 34 IU/mL. Results: The prevalence of TPOAb among 13,503 study participants was 12%. Of participants with positive TPOAb, 69% were women. Almost 60% of the individuals with positive TPOAb were white. The presence of positive TPOAb was associated with the entire spectrum of thyroid diseases among women, but only with overt hyperthyroidism and overt hypothyroidism in men. Conclusion: The distribution of positive TPOAb across sex, race, age, and thyroid function in the ELSA-Brasil study is aligned with the worldwide prevalence of positive TPOAb reported in iodine-sufficient areas. In women, the presence of TPOAb was related to the entire spectrum of thyroid dysfunction, while in men, it was only related to the occurrence of overt thyroid disease.

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“…These autoantibodies are also frequently present in euthyroid subjects, particularly women, even within the normal range for thyrotropin (TSH). TPOAbs level is one of the predictive factors for conversion from euthyroidism to thyroid dysfunction [12]. Recently published data on 10-year observation of TPOAbs variations in a population-based prospective study in Iran showed an increasing trend in TPOAbs levels over time accompanied by the rise in hypothyroidism incidence [13].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Tpoabsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid Peroxidase Revisited – Whatʼs New?

et al. 2019

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ABstr Ac tThyroid peroxidase (TPO) is an enzyme that participates in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. TPO is also a major autoantigen in autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). In this review, we summarize the latest developments in the field of TPO research. We present the current understanding of immunodominant serologic determinants, frequency of TPO-specific autoantibodies in the population, as well as genetic and environmental factors contributing to their development. Moreover, we report recent progress in the clinical utilities of TPO autoantibody testing, including thyroid dysfunctions and extra-thyroidal disorders. *Professor Emeritus.

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Natural Course of Euthyroidism and Clues for Early Diagnosis of Thyroid Dysfunction: Tehran Thyroid Study

Abstract: This study shows that after a six-year follow-up in an iodine sufficient area, 6.7% of euthyroid subjects were found to progress to thyroid dysfunction, in particular subclinical hypothyroidism.

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Sex Differences in the Associations of Obesity With Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity Among Chinese Adults

Sex Differences in the Associations of Obesity With Hypothyroidism and Thyroid Autoimmunity Among Chinese Adults

Prevalence of antithyroperoxidase antibodies in a multiethnic Brazilian population: The ELSA-Brasil Study

Thyroid Peroxidase Revisited – Whatʼs New?

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