Two-dimensional laminar natural convection is studied numerically for differentially heated air-filled rectangular enclosures with adiabatic side walls and aspect ratios of 1, 2, 4, and 8. The inclination angle of the enclosure was varied from 0°to 180°, and the effect of inclination on flow field and heat transfer was investigated over the range 10 3 £ Ra £ 10 6 . Correlations of average Nusselt number based on the present results are presented for horizontal and vertical cases. Large discrepancies were found among published results.