Natural component plumbagin as a potential antibacterial agent againstStreptococcus agalactiaeinfection

Abstract

Aquaculture production has developed rapidly in recent decades and is one of the major contributors to animal protein (Tadese et al., 2021). Global aquaculture production increased from 35.5 million tons in 2000 to 82.1 million tons in 2018 with an average annual growth rate of 4.51% (See et al., 2021). However, a fast-developing production has led to aquatic environmental issues and disease outbreaks. Fish diseases caused by microbial pathogens are more and more serious and have led to substantial economic growth losses (He et al., 2020;Ramesh & Souissi, 2018). Streptococcus agalactiae, known as group B streptococcus (GBS), is a severe Gram-positive pathogenic bacterium (Dong et al., 2021). It is widely distributed in the environments worldwide and can infect human beings, terrestrial animals and fish (Edwards & Baker, 2005;Pereira et al., 2010;Zhu et al., 2018). Some human and bovine S. agalactiae strains can infect tilapia under experimental conditions, but serotypes and sequence types of S. agalactiae isolates from different hosts have no evident genetic relatedness (

In vivo antibacterial activity of medicinal plant Sophora flavescens against Streptococcus agalactiae infection

“…Medicinal plants contain abundant compounds, which can interact with different molecular targets of a disease. The antibacterial activity of medicinal plants may be through direct sterilization or bacteriostasis by interacting with different molecular targets (Huang, Su, et al, 2022; Wangkahart et al, 2022). At present, the screening of anti‐GBS drugs is mainly through in vitro bacteriostasis test (Hua et al, 2015; Wu et al, 2013), ignoring the interaction between the drug and the host, and leading to the neglect of some drugs with antibacterial activity.…”

“…The animal use protocol was approved by the Animal Care and Welfare Committee of Guangxi University (GXU‐2023‐0134). GBS strain GXYL7, originally isolated from tilapia suffering from bacterial disease, was used in our study (Huang, Su, et al, 2022). Natural compounds xanthohumol (CAS No.…”

“…The anti‐GBS activity of 20 plant extracts and three compounds were evaluated in GBS‐infected tilapia as a previous study (Huang, Su, et al, 2022). Simply, tilapia was intraperitoneally injected with 100 μL GBS solutions (about 1.0 × 10 8 CFU/mL) only or a mixture containing GBS and drug (100 mg/kg body weight).…”

“…Medicinal plants contain abundant secondary metabolites, which can interact with different drug targets, thus enabling them to have a variety of biological activities like antibacterial, antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory activities (Huang et al, 2019). The application of medicinal plants is easier because of their cheap, easy preparation, biocompatibility and less side effects (Huang, Su, et al, 2022). At present, many medicinal plants have been proven to have significant antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture (Guo et al, 2019; Jiang et al, 2022).…”

Oxymatrine Modulation of TLR3 Signaling Pathway: A Dual-Action Mechanism against H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus and Immune Regulation

“…Oxymatrine (OMT), an active monomer extracted from various TCMs including Sophora avescens Ait and Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis (Bi et al, 2012, Liang et al, 2023, has demonstrated e cacy in managing chronic hepatitis B (Lu et al, 2004). Besides its hepatoprotective role, OMT exhibits potential against tumorigenesis, in ammation, and bacterial infections (Li et al, 2022, Cao et al, 2023, Zhang et al, 2023a. Notably, in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) transgenic mice liver (Chen et al, 2001), OMT reduces levels of HBsAg and HBcAg, and as a potent immunosuppressant, it curtails replication and in ammation of type A in uenza virus via the TLR4, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB pathways (Dai et al, 2018).…”