Natural Communities of Novel Archaea and Bacteria with a String-of-Pearls-Like Morphology: Molecular Analysis of the Bacterial Partners

Moissl, Christine; Rudolph, Christian; Huber, Robert

doi:10.1128/aem.68.2.933-937.2002

Cited by 72 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The euryarchaeon SM1 lives in close association with a Thiotrix sp. of bacteria in the cold (y10 xC) sulphurous marsh water (Rudolph et al 2001;Moissl et al 2002). A highly enriched culture of the euryarchaeon SM1 remained viable at temperatures ranging from x2 xC to 20 xC (Moissl et al 2003).…”

Section: Formation Of Multicellular Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial models for extraterrestrial life: methanogens and halophiles at Martian temperatures

Reid¹,

Sparks²,

Lubow³

et al. 2006

International Journal of Astrobiology

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: Cold environments are common throughout the Galaxy. We are conducting a series of experiments designed to probe the low-temperature limits for growth in selected methanogenic and halophilic Archaea. This paper presents initial results for two mesophiles, a methanogen, Methanosarcina acetivorans, and a halophile, Halobacterium sp. NRC-1, and for two Antarctic coldadapted Archaea, a methanogen, Methanococcoides burtonii, and a halophile, Halorubrum lacusprofundi. Neither mesophile is active at temperatures below 5 xC, but both cold-adapted microorganisms show significant growth at sub-zero temperatures (x2 xC and x1 xC, respectively), extending previous lowtemperature limits for both species by 4-5 xC. At low temperatures, both H. lacusprofundi and M. burtonii form multicellular aggregates, which appear to be embedded in extracellular polymeric substances. This is the first detection of this phenomenon in Antarctic species of Archaea at cold temperatures. The low-temperature limits for both psychrophilic species fall within the temperature range experienced on present-day Mars and could permit survival and growth, particularly in subsurface environments. We also discuss the results of our experiments in the context of known exoplanet systems, several of which include planets that intersect the Habitable Zone. In most cases, those planets follow orbits with significant eccentricity, leading to substantial temperature excursions. However, a handful of the known gas giant exoplanets could potentially harbour habitable terrestrial moons.

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Section: Formation Of Multicellular Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terrestrial models for extraterrestrial life: methanogens and halophiles at Martian temperatures

Reid¹,

Sparks²,

Lubow³

et al. 2006

International Journal of Astrobiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For identification of OTUs that were significantly enriched in the biofilm, three additional samples were included in the PhyloChip analysis that were taken from the Sippenauer Moor, where the SM1 Euryarchaeon can be cultivated in situ as a string-ofpearl community together with filamentous sulfuroxidizing bacteria (Rudolph et al, 2001;Moissl et al, 2002). The samples from the Sippenauer Moor were collected as described previously (Moissl et al, 2003), and underwent the same molecular PhyloChip assay as described for the biofilm samples in this study.…”

Section: Identification Of Significantly Enriched Otus In the Biofilmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter metabolize products from sulfate reduction (H 2 S), and provide simultaneously the educts (sulfate) for the SM1 Euryarchaeon. In addition, the sulfur-oxidizing bacteria protect the SM1 Euryarchaeon from oxygen exposure by respiration (Moissl et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These filamentous bacteria live as microbial mats or streamers in fluctuating gradients of sulfide and oxygen, and may also be responsible for the environmental success of the SM1 Euryarchaeon under oxygen-rich conditions (Moissl et al, 2002;Rudolph et al, 2004). Surrounding the archaeal colony, Thiothrix (Sippenauer Moor) and Sulfuricurvum (Muehlbacher Schwefelquelle) form the string-of-pearls community and possibly interact with the archaeon through an inter-species sulfur cycle (Moissl et al, 2002). In these communities, the bacterial partner and the SM1 Euryarchaeon are present in almost equal abundance, pointing at a 'real' partnership and possibly at a symbiotic/ syntrophic relation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although, sulfidic springs represent o10% of terrestrial fresh water springs (Palmer, 1991), they are believed to have an important role in global sulfur-cycling (Engel et al, 2003), as they can spawn huge amounts of microbial biomass mainly consisting of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as Thiothrix, Beggiatoa and Sulfuricuvum. These filamentous bacteria live as microbial mats or streamers in fluctuating gradients of sulfide and oxygen, and may also be responsible for the environmental success of the SM1 Euryarchaeon under oxygen-rich conditions (Moissl et al, 2002;Rudolph et al, 2004). Surrounding the archaeal colony, Thiothrix (Sippenauer Moor) and Sulfuricurvum (Muehlbacher Schwefelquelle) form the string-of-pearls community and possibly interact with the archaeon through an inter-species sulfur cycle (Moissl et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tackling the minority: sulfate-reducing bacteria in an archaea-dominated subsurface biofilm

et al. 2012

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Archaea are usually minor components of a microbial community and dominated by a large and diverse bacterial population. In contrast, the SM1 Euryarchaeon dominates a sulfidic aquifer by forming subsurface biofilms that contain a very minor bacterial fraction (5%). These unique biofilms are delivered in high biomass to the spring outflow that provides an outstanding window to the subsurface. Despite previous attempts to understand its natural role, the metabolic capacities of the SM1 Euryarchaeon remain mysterious to date. In this study, we focused on the minor bacterial fraction in order to obtain insights into the ecological function of the biofilm. We link phylogenetic diversity information with the spatial distribution of chemical and metabolic compounds by combining three different state-of-the-art methods: PhyloChip G3 DNA microarray technology, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and synchrotron radiation-based Fourier transform infrared (SR-FTIR) spectromicroscopy. The results of PhyloChip and FISH technologies provide evidence for selective enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria, which was confirmed by the detection of bacterial dissimilatory sulfite reductase subunit B (dsrB) genes via quantitative PCR and sequence-based analyses. We further established a differentiation of archaeal and bacterial cells by SR-FTIR based on typical lipid and carbohydrate signatures, which demonstrated a co-localization of organic sulfate, carbonated mineral and bacterial signatures in the biofilm. All these results strongly indicate an involvement of the SM1 euryarchaeal biofilm in the global cycles of sulfur and carbon and support the hypothesis that sulfidic springs are important habitats for Earth's energy cycles. Moreover, these investigations of a bacterial minority in an Archaea-dominated environment are a remarkable example of the great power of combining highly sensitive microarrays with label-free infrared imaging.

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Prokaryotic diversity of a non‐sulfide, low‐salt cold spring sediment of Shawan County, China

Zeng

Yang

Lou

2010

J. Basic Microbiol.

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The prokaryotic diversity of a non-sulfide, low-salt cold spring sediment was investigated by constructing bacterial and archaeal clone libraries of the 16S rRNA gene. 241 bacterial clones were screened, which could be grouped into 86 ribotypes, based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. These were divided into 11 phyla (Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia). Of these, Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria were the most dominant, representing 48% and 25% of the total bacteria clone library, respectively. For the archaeal clone library, 121 positive clones were screened and 22 ribotypes were determined. BLAST analysis indicated that all ribotypes were affiliated with the phylum Crenarchaeota. Phylogenetic analysis classified them into three subgroups (Groups I-III). Groups I and III, belonging to the Soil-Freshwater-subsurface group and Marine group I, respectively, were the dominant groups, representing 50% and 47% of the library, respectively. Of them, 20% of ribotypes were related to the cold-loving Crenarchaeota. These findings show that bacteria in spring sediments are more diverse than are archaea; in addition, the spring harbors a large number of novel bacterial and archaeal species and maybe exist novel lineages.

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Natural Communities of Novel Archaea and Bacteria with a String-of-Pearls-Like Morphology: Molecular Analysis of the Bacterial Partners

Cited by 72 publications

References 34 publications

Terrestrial models for extraterrestrial life: methanogens and halophiles at Martian temperatures

Terrestrial models for extraterrestrial life: methanogens and halophiles at Martian temperatures

Tackling the minority: sulfate-reducing bacteria in an archaea-dominated subsurface biofilm

Prokaryotic diversity of a non‐sulfide, low‐salt cold spring sediment of Shawan County, China

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