“…2 ). This is recommended that the swelling capacity would guide to increment in the pore volume and invasion of bone cells easily bringing about better bony tissue ingrowths ( Asadpour et al, 2019 ). Fig.…”
The present examination includes manufacture and portrayal of cryogel bio-composite implants containing chitosan-gelatin (CS-GT), cerium–zinc doped hydroxyapatite (CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA) by cryogelation technique. The prepared cryogel biocomposites (CS-GT/HA and CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA) were described by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) contemplates. The expansion of Ce-Zn in the CS-GT implants essentially expanded growing, diminished swelling, expanded protein sorption, and expanded bactericidal movement. The CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA biocomposite had non-toxic towards rodent osteoblast cells. So the created CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA biocomposite has favorable and potential applications over the CS-GT/HA platforms for bone tissue engineering.
“…2 ). This is recommended that the swelling capacity would guide to increment in the pore volume and invasion of bone cells easily bringing about better bony tissue ingrowths ( Asadpour et al, 2019 ). Fig.…”
The present examination includes manufacture and portrayal of cryogel bio-composite implants containing chitosan-gelatin (CS-GT), cerium–zinc doped hydroxyapatite (CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA) by cryogelation technique. The prepared cryogel biocomposites (CS-GT/HA and CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA) were described by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) contemplates. The expansion of Ce-Zn in the CS-GT implants essentially expanded growing, diminished swelling, expanded protein sorption, and expanded bactericidal movement. The CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA biocomposite had non-toxic towards rodent osteoblast cells. So the created CS-GT/Ce-Zn-HA biocomposite has favorable and potential applications over the CS-GT/HA platforms for bone tissue engineering.
“…The optimal pore size can vary from 100 to 300 μm for tissue regeneration. 28 A study conducted by Felfel et al 29 used CS and agarose and found that scaffolds with smaller pores had increased mechanical strength because of better interconnectivity, however, lacked biocompatibility because of the small pore morphology. Scaffolds with larger pore morphology were mechanically weaker but had superior biocompatibility because of better cellular integration.…”
A biocomposite scaffold was developed
using chitosan (CS) and bovine-derived
hydroxyapatite (BHA). The prepared CS–BHA biocomposite scaffold
was characterized for its physiochemical and biological properties
and compared against control BHA scaffolds to evaluate the effects
of CS. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis confirmed the elemental composition
of the CS–BHA scaffold, which presented peaks for C and O from
CS and Ca and P along with trace elements in the bovine bone such
as Na, Mg, and Cl. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed
the presence of phosphate, hydroxyl, carbonate, and amide functional
groups attributed to the CS and BHA present in the biocomposite scaffolds.
The CS–BHA scaffolds demonstrated an interconnected porous
structure with pore sizes ranging from 60 to 600 μm and a total
porosity of ∼64–75%, as revealed by scanning electron
microscopy and micro-CT analyses, respectively. Furthermore, thermogravimetric
analysis revealed that the CS–BHA scaffold lost 70% of its
weight when heated up to 1000 °C, which is characteristic of
CS phase decomposition in the biocomposite.
In vitro
studies demonstrated that the CS–BHA scaffolds were biocompatible
toward Saos-2 osteoblast-like cells, showing high cell viability and
a significant increase in cell proliferation across the measured timepoints
compared to the controls.
“…The amine moieties on chitosan are protonated at low pH, making chitosan soluble in dilute acidic aqueous solutions [ 37 ]. Chitosan advantages over chitin include enzymatic degradation [ 38 ], gelling properties [ 39 , 40 ], pH-responsiveness [ 41 ], mucoadhesion, ability to open epithelial tight junctions (due to its cationic behavior that enhances interactions with mucous membrane [ 42 ]), and antimicrobial activities [ 43 ]. Molar mass and acetylation degree significantly influence the processing of chitosan-based materials [ 32 ].…”
Section: Principal Polysaccharides Used For Biomedical Materialsmentioning
Polysaccharide-based materials created by physical processes have received considerable attention for biomedical applications. These structures are often made by associating charged polyelectrolytes in aqueous solutions, avoiding toxic chemistries (crosslinking agents). We review the principal polysaccharides (glycosaminoglycans, marine polysaccharides, and derivatives) containing ionizable groups in their structures and cellulose (neutral polysaccharide). Physical materials with high stability in aqueous media can be developed depending on the selected strategy. We review strategies, including coacervation, ionotropic gelation, electrospinning, layer-by-layer coating, gelation of polymer blends, solvent evaporation, and freezing–thawing methods, that create polysaccharide-based assemblies via in situ (one-step) methods for biomedical applications. We focus on materials used for growth factor (GFs) delivery, scaffolds, antimicrobial coatings, and wound dressings.
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