Natural Attenuation of Perchlorate in Groundwater: Processes, Tools and Monitoring Techniques

Lieberman, M. T.; Borden, Robert C.

doi:10.21236/ada495522

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 67 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…All of these studies targeted surface waters and their associated stream and lakebed sediments which were relatively rich in organic carbon (OC). There apparently are no conclusive examples of field scale natural attenuation of ClO 4 − in groundwater systems (Lieberman et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ubiquitous occurrence of ClO 4 − degrading bacteria in the environment has been inferred based on surficial soil and sediment samples (Coates et al ). Meanwhile, microcosm studies (Tipton et al ; Tan et al ; Simon and Weber ; Wilkin et al ; Lieberman et al ), and stream bed profiling at sites near McGregor, Texas (Tan et al ), have shown that ClO 4 − degradation can occur in unamended natural sediments. It has also been inferred that natural attenuation occurs in the anoxic bottom waters of California's Salton Sea because ClO 4 − is absent from the sea but is elevated (about 4 µg/L) in the inlet streams (Holdren et al ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Natural Attenuation of Perchlorate in Denitrified Groundwater

Robertson¹,

Roy²,

Brown³

et al. 2013

Groundwater

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Monitoring of a well‐defined septic system groundwater plume and groundwater discharging to two urban streams located in southern Ontario, Canada, provided evidence of natural attenuation of background low level (ng/L) perchlorate (ClO4−) under denitrifying conditions in the field. The septic system site at Long Point contains ClO4− from a mix of waste water, atmospheric deposition, and periodic use of fireworks, while the nitrate plume indicates active denitrification. Plume nitrate (NO3−‐N) concentrations of up to 103 mg/L declined with depth and downgradient of the tile bed due to denitrification and anammox activity, and the plume was almost completely denitrified beyond 35 m from the tile bed. The ClO4− natural attenuation occurs at the site only when NO3−‐N concentrations are <0.3 mg/L, after which ClO4− concentrations decline abruptly from 187 ± 202 to 11 ± 15 ng/L. A similar pattern between NO3−‐N and ClO4− was found in groundwater discharging to the two urban streams. These findings suggest that natural attenuation (i.e., biodegradation) of ClO4− may be commonplace in denitrified aquifers with appropriate electron donors present, and thus, should be considered as a remediation option for ClO4− contaminated groundwater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%