Natural Antioxidants Against Arsenic-Induced Genotoxicity

Abstract

Arsenic is present in water, soil, and air in organic as well as in inorganic forms. However, inorganic arsenic is more toxic than organic and can cause many diseases including cancers in humans. Its genotoxic effect is considered as one of its carcinogenic actions. Arsenic can cause DNA strand breaks, deletion mutations, micronuclei formation, DNA-protein cross-linking, sister chromatid exchange, and DNA repair inhibition. Evidences indicate that arsenic causes DNA damage by generation of reactive free radicals. Nutritional supplementation of antioxidants has been proven highly beneficial against arsenic genotoxicity in experimental animals. Recent studies suggest that antioxidants protect mainly by reducing excess free radicals via restoring the activities of cellular enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic antioxidants and decreasing the oxidation processes such as lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature on arsenic-induced genotoxicity and its mitigation by naturally derived antioxidants in various biological systems.

Effects of Aqueous Extract of <i>Moringa olifera</i> Leaves on Arsenic Trioxide Induced HepatoToxicity in Adult WistarRats

“…hepatotoxic properties of arsenic trioxide, therefore giving the signs of liver damage or Statistical results show there was significant disease as confirmed by Li et al, (2015). corroborates previous studies that Moringa oleifera 2022).…”

“…The anti-epileptic (Amrutia et al, 2011), body weight of moringa extract only. anti-inflammatory Paikra and Gidwani, 2017), and anti-diabetic (Ndong et al, 2007) Statistical Analysis: Data were subjected to measured using Doumas and Biggs (1972) statistical analysis using GraphPad prism version method. Serum total and direct bilirubin levels 8.1 statistical package and relevant statistical were assayed Jendrassik and Grof (1938) values were obtained were converted into method.…”

Ameliorative effects of Phyllanthus emblica leaf extract on cadmium mediated oxidative stress in human cells

“…The paucities of ascorbic acid often cause hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunctions while the administration of amla extract establish to be operative against acute to chronic inflammation in rodent models 19 . Amla has also been found to be active against arsenic umpired genotoxicity in mice where it considerably diminishes the tenderness and triglyceride levels 20 .…”

Estimation of arsenic-induced genotoxicity in melon (Cucumis melo) by using RAPD-PCR and comet assays

“…The excessive presence of ROS can cause the non-specific oxidation of organic compounds such as lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates in addition to generating steady-state levels of unpaired cellular DNA damage (Gill & Tuteja 2010). This DNA damage has potential genotoxic and cytotoxic consequences on the cells and the gradual accumulation of such damage can bring about genomic instability and/or stress (Tuteja et al 2009;Kumar et al 2016).…”