Natural and Synthetic Fiber‐Based Adsorbents for Water Remediation

Abstract

The use of unmodified and chemically treated natural fibers for water remediation (removal of chemical residues/oil spills and organic wastewater from water) is a significant and low-cost strategy to reduce the contamination of aquifers with metal ions, as well as marine environments with oil spills and water bodies with organic dyes. Furthermore, synthetic fibers exhibit a superior performance owing to their tunable surface area and superhydrophobic/swelling properties. This review summarizes the most recent advances in natural fiber-based biosorbents and synthetic fiber mats since the efficient removal of toxic compounds depend on adequate incorporation of functional groups on the fiber surface for mutual electrostatic and diffusion of contaminants into the fibrils. The most relevant results in the removal of oil, trace metal ions, and organic dyes are presented and evaluated. The evaluation is done according to the strategies for chemical modification of raw materials by the reuse of plastics or conventional electrospinning techniques to support the hierarchical growth of more complex chemical structures.

Use of natural fibers in alternative wastewater treatment technologies, aiming at a more sustainable production: A review

“…Desse modo, é possível verificar a necessidade de novos adsorventes, como fibras naturais, que possuem uma disponibilidade no ambiente, são de baixo custo e tão eficientes quanto carvão ativado comercial, justificando o crescimento de novos estudos na redução de uma carga poluidora ou contaminante do corpo hídrico (CÂNDIDO; PIRES; OLIVEIRA, 2021;OTHMANI et al, 2022;RAHMAN et al, 2018).…”

“…Além disso, destacam-se também o uso de resíduos, principalmente agroindustriais, como material adsorvente, por serem subprodutos de outros processos, há um custo mais baixo, além de altas quantidades disponíveis já que o país tem uma grande participação no setor agroindustrial, não são tóxicos e o seu uso torna o processo de adsorção mais sustentável, ao trazer uma nova finalidade ao resíduo, evitando seu descarte precoce (CÂNDIDO; PIRES; OLIVEIRA, 2021;OTHMANI et al, 2022;RAHMAN et al, 2018;RUSSO et al, 2021).…”

“…Pela matriz dos adsorventes ser sintética, há um alto custo na sua produção, além de uma alta demanda de energia, dessa forma, novos estudos buscam materiais naturais de baixo custo, como resíduos, que estão disponíveis no ambiente e com uma alta eficiência na adsorção a fim de substituir os materiais sintéticos e tornar o tratamento de efluente com biossorventes ecoeficiente (CANDIDO; PIRES; OLIVEIRA, 2021;RAHMAN et al, 2018).…”

Facile Fabrication of Quaternized Sisal Fiber by Electron Beam Radiation and its Effective Adsorption for Indigo Carmine from Aqueous Solution

“…(6) (7) where Q t and Q e are the amounts of IC adsorbed per gram SF-DMC at time t and at the equilibrium time, respectively.…”

“…Adsorption is considered as one of the most simple and attractive methods to purify polluted water (Chowdhury et al, 2020;Du et al, 2021). In recent years, the low cost adsorbents based on natural bers have been recognized as e cient, cost-effective, and environmental friendly for contamination removal purposes (Candido et al,2021). Owing to small ber diameter and excellent osmotic stability, the plant based cellulose bers have been widely investigated for the adsorption of pollutants, including radionuclides (Bai et al, 2020;Li et al, 2020), heavy metals (Huang et al, 2021;Pang et al, 2020), humic acid (Du et al, 2019), phosphate (Du et al, 2019), dyes (Shao et al, 2021), gold ions (Mostofa et al, 2021) and oil/water separation (Meng et al, 2020;Liu et al,2018) et al Plant-based cellulose bers such as sisal, jute, hemp, coir, kapok, cattail, and cotton linter display lots of advantages over synthetic bers like low-cost, low density, biodegradability, recyclability, environment friendly, and less hazardous over synthetic bers (Chokshi et al, 2020;Cui et al, 2021;Zheng et al, 2020;Silva et al, 2020).…”