Natural and synthetic endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in water, sediment and biota of a coastal lagoon

Monitoring of selected estrogenic compounds and estrogenic activity in surface water and sediment of the Yellow River in China using combined chemical and biological tools

“…The estrogens (E1 and E2) were not detected in all the samples, similar to those in the Pearl River (Zhao et al, 2009); however, they were detected in the Venice lagoon of Italy (Pojana et al, 2007) with their maximum concentration of 7 and 11.2 ng/g, respectively. The Yellow River has high sand contents and low TOC contents in its surface water and sediment (Tables S2 and S3), which results in low detection frequencies and low concentrations of these target compounds.…”

“…The concentrations of E1 in the Yellow river water are lower than those in the Pearl River (Zhao et al, 2009), Dan-Shui River of China , Tama River of Japan (Furuichi et al, 2004) and streams of USA (Kolpin et al, 2002), but higher than those in the lakes and rivers of Korea and the Venice lagoon of Italy (Pojana et al, 2007), and comparable to those in surface water samples of Australia (Hohenblum et al, 2004;Ying et al, 2009) (Table 2). Estradiol (E2) was only detected at 2.3 ng/L in site 4 of the Yellow River.…”

“…4-t-OP and BPA were also detected at all sampling sites (Table 2) and have been widely detected in aquatic environments, usually at levels of several to hundreds of nanograms per liter (Boyd et al, 2004;Furuichi et al, 2004;Kuch and Ballschmiter, 2001). Both levels and detection frequencies of 4-t-OP and BPA in the water of the Yellow River appear lower than those in the Pearl River (Zhao et al, 2009), Hai River (Jin et al, 2004) of China, the Tama River of Japan (Furuichi et al, 2004), but similar to those in the Ouse River of UK (Zhang et al, 2006) and Venice lagoon of Italy (Pojana et al, 2007) (Table 2). TCS is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial and preservative agent that is widely used in personal care products (Stasinakis et al, 2008) and it had a frequency of detection of 97% in the Yellow River.…”

“…This study Chen et al, 2006;Peng et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2009, 2011Jin et al, 2004Chen et al, 2007Khim et al, 1999Ko et al, 2007;Kim et al, 2007;Li et al, 2004Furuichi et al, 2004Hohenblum et al, 2004;Isobe et al, 2001Hibberd et al, 2009Liu et al, 2004;Petrovic et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2006Pojana et al, 2007Hohenblum et al, 2004Ying et al, 2009Kolpin et al, 2002Stuart et al, 2005 a Concentration range: minimum to maximum (median). weak based on the calculated pseudo-partitioning coefficients: 0e598 L/kg, 14e287 L/kg, 0e192 L/kg and 0e383 L/kg for 4-t-OP, 4-NP, BPA and TCS.…”

β-Estradiol and ethinyl-estradiol contamination in the rivers of the Carpathian Basin

“…In 2010 1.1ng/L mean E2 and no EE2 (LOD: 0.14 ng/L) were found in the Ebro basin on the Iberian Peninsula (Gorga et al 2013). High concentrations have been found in the Klang Valley in Malaysia (average E2: 20 ng/L) (Ismail Ahmad 2007), in Venice lagoon (175 ng/L E2 and 34 ng/L EE2) (Pojana et al 2007) and in the Piracicaba River in Brasil (137 and 194 ng/L) (Torres et al 2015).…”