Natural and man-made terrestrial electromagnetic noise: an outlook

Bianchi, C.; Meloni, A.

doi:10.4401/ag-4425

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Figure 2 (right) shows the 20, 50, and 80 percentile of the amplitude spectrum density (ASD), normalized by the integral at 1-50 kHz, for the lightning events observed from September to December, 2020. It has a peak at approximately 5 kHz, which is consistent with the literature [11,12].…”

Section: Jinst 16 P07033supporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories

Washimi

Yokozawa²,

Nakano³

et al. 2021

J. Inst.

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For ground-based gravitational wave (GW) detectors, lightning strokes in the atmosphere are sources of environmental noise. Some GW detectors are built or planned in underground facilities, and knowledge of how lightning strokes affect them is of interest. In this paper, the lightning detection system in KAGRA is introduced, and the properties of the magnetic field measured inside and outside the KAGRA tunnel are shown. One lightning-induced event in the GW channel of the KAGRA main interferometer is also showed. Finally, possible applications of lightning events for the GW experiments are discussed.

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Section: Jinst 16 P07033supporting

confidence: 92%

Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories

Washimi

Yokozawa²,

Nakano³

et al. 2021

J. Inst.

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“…Decameter noise usually is divided into 3 parts [24,4]: atmospheric (generated mostly by lightings), anthropogenic (generated by human activity) and cosmic (generated outside the Earth) ones. Above 10MHz the most powerful noise mostly anthropogenic at daytime and mixture of atmospheric and anthropogneic during nighttime [24,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attenuation of decameter wavelength sky noise during x-ray solar flares in 2013–2017 based on the observations of midlatitude HF radars

Berngardt

Ruohoniemi

Нишитани

et al. 2018

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

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Based on a joint analysis of the data from 10 midlatitude decameter radars the effects are investigated during 80 x-ray flares in the period 2013-2017. For the investigation nine mid-latitude SuperDARN radars of the northern hemisphere (Adak Island West and East radars, Blackstone radar, Christmas Valley East and West radars, Fort Hays East and West radars, Hokaido East radar and Wallops radar) and Ekaterinburg coherent decameter radar of ISTP SB RAS are used. All the radars work in the same 8-20MHz frequency band and have similar hardware and software. During the analysis the temporal dynamics of noise from each of the radar direction and for each flare is investigated separately. As a result, on the basis of about 13000 daily measurements we found a strong anticorrelation between noise power and x-ray flare intensity, that allows to use shortwave sky noise to diagnose the ionospheric effects of x-ray solar flares. It is shown that in 88.3% of cases an attenuation of daytime decameter radio noise is observed during solar flare, correlating with the temporal dynamics of the solar flare. The intensity of decameter noise anticorrelates well (the Pearson correlation coefficient better than -0.5) with the shape of the X-ray flare in the daytime (for solar elevation angle > 0) in 33% of cases, the average Pearson correlation over the daytime is about -0.34. Median regression coefficient between GOES 0.1-0.8nm x-ray intensity and daytime sky-noise attenuation is about −4.4 · 10 4 [dB · m 2 /W t]. Thus, it has been shown that measurements of the decameter sky noise level at midlatitude decameter radars can be used to study the ionospheric absorption of high-frequency waves in the lower ionosphere during x-ray solar flares. This can be explained by the assumption that the most part of decameter sky noise detected by the radars can be interpreted as produced by ground sources at distances of the first propagation hop (˜3000 km).

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“…The amplitude of the signal is below the typical background level in the atmosphere [19], thus the radio-signal of one RREA hardly can be registered.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Simulation of VHF signal generated by RREA

Khamitov¹,

Zelenyi²,

Svechnikova³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Relativistic runaway electron avalanches (RREAs) developing in electrified clouds produce gamma radiation which could be observed both on the ground surface and on near-Earth orbit. Radio emission of RREAs is a much less studied manifestation of the avalanche process. Meanwhile, VHF-radiation can be used as an additional source of information on conditions of the RREA development.We present the method of calculating the VHF signal produced by RREAs using Monte-Carlo simulation with GEANT4. We show that VHF radiation produced by runaway electrons has a maximum at frequency range 0.1-1 MHz, the amplitude is below the background noise.

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Natural and man-made terrestrial electromagnetic noise: an outlook

Cited by 30 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories

Effects of lightning strokes on underground gravitational waves observatories

Attenuation of decameter wavelength sky noise during x-ray solar flares in 2013–2017 based on the observations of midlatitude HF radars

Simulation of VHF signal generated by RREA

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