Natural and human forcing in recent geomorphic change; case studies in the Rio de la Plata basin

Bonachea, Jaime; Bruschi, Viola María; Hurtado, Martin; Forte, Luis María; Silva, Mario da; Etcheverry, Ricardo Oscar; Cavallotto, José Luis; Dantas, Marcilene F.; Pejon, Osni José; Zuquette, Lázaro Valentin; Bezerra, Maria Angélica de Oliveira; Remondo, Juan; Rivas, Victoria; Gómez-Arozamena, José; Fernández, Gema; Cendrero, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.004

Cited by 45 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…Regional freshwater input comes from a 4 144 000 km 2 basin (Fig. 1), where agriculture, forestry, cattle and sheep grazing, pulp industry, hydroelectric dams and urban centres also contribute to intensify the eutrophication process (Bonachea et al 2010). Such eutrophication trends are well documented and understood for the water column of Río de la Plata (FREPLATA 2004;Licursi et al 2006) although the trophic response of the sediment to the continental freshwater inputs during warm ENSO episodes has not received the same attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm-phase ENSO events modulate the continental freshwater input and the trophic state of sediments in a large South American estuary

García-Rodríguez

Brugnoli

Muñiz

et al. 2014

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Abstract. We studied the changes in geochemical variables in the middle section of Río de la Plata estuary during the 2009-2010 El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event. Protein, organic matter, chlorophyll-a and phaeopigment content of surface sediments were significantly correlated with the increased continental freshwater input associated with high total monthly rainfall. During the warm-phase ENSO event, river flow was 5-fold larger than average historical levels, which led to a steady decrease in salinity values and the highest levels of geochemical variables. The evidence presented herein suggests that warm-phase ENSO events increase the trophic state of the sediments because of the increased freshwater input. Thus, our findings may be useful to anticipate potential eutrophication episodes in the study area.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm-phase ENSO events modulate the continental freshwater input and the trophic state of sediments in a large South American estuary

García-Rodríguez

Brugnoli

Muñiz

et al. 2014

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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“…Bonachea et al [73] used Pb 210 -dated sediment cores from Lagoas Jacadigo, Negra, and Castelo to probe anthropogenic and climatic influences on sedimentation rates over the past approximately 100 years. Those authors found a marked increase in sedimentation rates following the 1970s, which was attributed to higher rainfall and greater soya cultivation.…”

Section: Large Floodplain Lake Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The marginal plateaus are highly sensitive to erosion, due the sandy soils and steep slopes that enhance anthropogenic impacts on the sediment budget and hydrologic regime. Bonachea et al [73] suggested government policies enacted in the 1970s designed to expand agriculture and stimulate livestock production had an influence on soil erosion in the northern Pantanal through removal of natural vegetation. Human activity evidently blossomed in the Pantanal during this same period, and modifications of the land with population growth may have allowed for greater erosion with the increase in rainfall.…”

Section: Large Floodplain Lake Recordsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleolimnology in the Pantanal: Using Lake Sediments to Track Quaternary Environmental Change in the World’s Largest Tropical Wetland

McGlue

Silva

Assine

et al. 2015

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry

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In spite of its global significance to biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles (e.g., as a methane source and carbon dioxide sink), the Pantanal of western Brazil remains underexplored from the perspective of Quaternary paleoecology, paleogeography, and paleoclimatology. Long in the scientific and cultural shadow cast by the Amazon Basin, recent research using lake sediment cores from different sites across the Pantanal lowlands has provided a glimpse at the sensitivity of this savanna floodplain wetland to climate-driven perturbations in the hydrologic cycle. Understanding the controls and feedbacks associated with this sensitivity is important, as the Pantanal is a critical freshwater resource situated in the headwaters of the immense Río de la Plata Basin. Published lake sediment archives have adopted a multi-indicator analytical approach, focusing on physical sedimentology, geochemistry, palynology, and siliceous microfossils. Such studies extend in time from the late Pleistocene to the present day, with the greatest emphasis placed on reconstruction of the Holocene environmental history.

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“…Este incremento en los procesos geológicos que afectan la superficie terrestre y representan alto riesgo para las comunidades es evidente y se ha comprobado a escala global. La comunidad científica mundial todavía trabaja para determinar si estamos ante un "cambio geomorfológico global" independiente del cambio climático y que se sumaría a este Bonachea, et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

El impacto de la deforestación en la erosión de la cuenca del río Magdalena (1980-2010)

Restrepo

2015

Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Ex. Fis. Nat.

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ResumenEn la última década, la cuenca del río Magdalena ha experimentado un incremento en las tasas de erosión del orden del 34 %, pasando de 550 t km -2 a -1 antes del año 2000 a 710 t km -2 a -1 en el periodo 2000-2010, con un aumento en el transporte total de sedimentos de 44 Mt a -1 . El análisis de la variabilidad espacial de la producción de sedimentos indica que el 78 % de la cuenca se encuentra en estado crítico de erosión dada la pérdida de bosques primarios de más del 60 % en el periodo entre 1980 y 2010. Mediante la calibración del modelo BQART para el periodo de 1980 a 2010, que combina variables climáticas, hidrológicas, litológicas, morfométricas y del impacto humano por deforestación, se explicó el 86 % de la variabilidad del transporte de sedimentos en la cuenca. El 9 % del transporte de sedimentos acumulado de las tres últimas décadas se debió a la deforestación; cerca de 160 Mt de sedimentos se han generados por la deforestación entre el 2000 y el 2010. Los indicadores económicos del Magdalena en las seis últimas décadas señalan que las actividades agrícolas fueron la principal causa del cambio en el uso de los suelos y de la pérdida forestal. El deterioro de los suelos de la cuenca requiere de medidas a escala regional, y no solamente de planes de mitigación ante el cambio climático.Palabras clave: río Magdalena, deforestación, transporte de sedimentos, erosión. The impact of deforestation on the erosion in the Magdalena River drainage basin (1980-2010) AbstractDuring the last decade, the Magdalena River drainage basin has witnessed an increase in erosion rates of 34%, from 550 t km -2 y -1 before 2000 to 710 t km -2 y -1 for the 2000-2010 yr-period, and the average sediment load for the whole basin increased in 44 Mt y -1 for the same period. Sediment yield spatial analysis indicated that 78% of the catchment is under strong erosional conditions due to the clearance of more than 60% of the natural forest between 1980 and 2010. Sediment load simulation by using the BQART, a robust model that combines climatic, morphometric, hydrological, lithologic and human induced variables, and explains 86% of the sediment load variability, indicated that 9% of the combined sediment load during the last three decades was due to deforestation; about 160 Mt have been produced by forest clearance between 2000 and 2010. The trends in economic indicators show that agriculture was the main cause of land-use change and, consequently, of forest loss within the basin. Soil deterioration and increasing trends in erosion require capacity building in environmental governance in addition to climate change mitigation policies.Key words: Magdalena River, deforestation, sediment load, erosion. Ciencias de la tierraCorrespondencia: Juan D. Restrepo A., jdrestre@eafit.edu.co Recibido: 29 de octubre de 2014 Aceptado: 26 de marzo de 2015 IntroducciónEn los últimos años se ha constatado un apreciable aumento en la frecuencia y magnitud de los procesos peligrosos relacionados con los efectos de las lluvias en la cuenca del río M...

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Natural and human forcing in recent geomorphic change; case studies in the Rio de la Plata basin

Cited by 45 publications

References 100 publications

Warm-phase ENSO events modulate the continental freshwater input and the trophic state of sediments in a large South American estuary

Warm-phase ENSO events modulate the continental freshwater input and the trophic state of sediments in a large South American estuary

Paleolimnology in the Pantanal: Using Lake Sediments to Track Quaternary Environmental Change in the World’s Largest Tropical Wetland

El impacto de la deforestación en la erosión de la cuenca del río Magdalena (1980-2010)

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