Native Women, Violence, Substance Abuse and HIV Risk

Saylors, Karen; Daliparthy, Nalini

doi:10.1080/02791072.2005.10400520

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although studies have indicated a link between socioeconomic status and GBV [98][99][100], GBV is by no means confined to people living in poverty. Incarceration [101], minority [24,52,60,102] and migrant [103] status or relocation [104] are similarly linked, as is substance abuse [105,106], or a co-occurrence of these contexts [107][108][109]. Almost all of these studies are from the United States.…”

Section: Transactional Sexmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Andersson

Cockcroft²,

Shea³

2008

Aids

135

114

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Gender-based violence (GBV) is common in southern Africa. Here we use GBV to include sexual and non-sexual physical violence, emotional abuse, and forms of child sexual abuse. A sizeable literature now links GBV and HIV infection.Sexual violence can lead to HIV infection directly, as trauma increases the risk of transmission. More importantly, GBV increases HIV risk indirectly. Victims of childhood sexual abuse are more likely to be HIV positive, and to have high risk behaviours.GBV perpetrators are at risk of HIV infection, as their victims have often been victimised before and have a high risk of infection. Including perpetrators and victims, perhaps one third of the southern African population is involved in the GBV-HIV dynamic.A randomised controlled trial of income enhancement and gender training reduced GBV and HIV risk behaviours, and a trial of a learning programme reported a non-significant reduction in HIV incidence and reduction of male risk behaviours (primary prevention). Interventions among survivors of GBV can reduce their HIV risk (secondary prevention). Various strategies can reduce spread of HIV from infected GBV survivors (tertiary prevention). Dealing with GBV could have an important effect on the HIV epidemic.A policy shift is necessary. HIV prevention policy should recognise the direct and indirect implications of GBV for HIV prevention, the importance of perpetrator dynamics, and that reduction of GBV should be part of HIV prevention programmes. Effective interventions are likely to include a structural component, and a GBV awareness component.

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Section: Transactional Sexmentioning

confidence: 95%

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Andersson

Cockcroft²,

Shea³

2008

Aids

135

114

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Considerable progress has been made toward understanding the issue; however, it is only recent that research on substance abuse related to women has been recognized as being sorely neglected (Leshner 1998). Studies show that women who abuse substances have problems related to co-dependency, incest, physical and sexual abuse, victimization, sexuality and relations with significant others (Bohn 2003;Freeman et al 2002;Saylors and Daliparthy 2005;Straussner and Brown 2002). A particular stressful event is often cited by women as a reason for initiating the use of harmful drugs; and, many female substance abusers report being victims of childhood physical and/or sexual abuse (Gil-Rivas et al 1996;Haller and Miles 2004;Rosen et al 2002;Simpson and Miller 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Problem Severity Profiles of Substance Abusing Women in Therapeutic Treatment Facilities

Isralowitz

Reznik

2008

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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This article aims to examine specific substance use profiles among former Soviet Union (FSU) immigrant and native-born women in Israeli therapeutic treatment facilities. Individuals were sampled at drug treatment facilities and assessed using the Addiction Severity Index. ASI scores suggest differences between the two groups. Among the findings are native born females have been using heroin and amphetamines longer than FSU immigrants; however, immigrant women have more years of alcohol use. FSU women are more inclined to be injection drug users, prefer shorter forms of treatment, and to use alcohol when receiving treatment for heroin addiction. FSU women have higher levels of chronic medical problems, HCV, and HIV/AIDS. The study results tend to support the position that treatment of special populations may be enhanced if their particular needs associated with personal attributes and background characteristcs are considered and met in a treatment environment.

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“…This series of studies includes research on 490 adult substance abusers, women and men, who received treatment from 2003-2008 and completed both a baseline and six-month follow-up questionnaire, regardless of whether or not they completed the prescribed course of treatment (Wright et al 2011;Saylors & Daliparthy 2005;Saylors 2003;CSAT 1999). The results in this section pertain to several CSAT projects that included the Native Women's Circle and Native Men's Circle with a target population of adult substance abusers.…”

Section: Native Men and Native Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Holistic System of Care: A Ten-Year Perspective

Nebelkopf

Wright

2011

Journal of Psychoactive Drugs

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The Holistic System of Care for Native Americans in an Urban Environment is a community-focused intervention that provides behavioral health care, promotes health, and prevents disease. This approach is based on a community strategic planning process that honored Native American culture and relationships. Substance abuse, mental illness, homelessness, poverty, crime, physical illness, and violence are symptoms of historical trauma, family dysfunction, and spiritual imbalance. The holistic model links treatment, prevention, and recovery. The link between prevention and treatment is early intervention. Peer support is the link between treatment and recovery. Recovering individuals serve as role models linking recovery to prevention. Culture and spirituality build a strong and resilient foundation for recovery. This article documents the effectiveness of the holistic model over a ten-year period that it has been implemented at the Family & Child Guidance Clinic of the Native American Health Center in the San Francisco Bay Area. The holistic model has produced statistically significant reductions in substance abuse among adult Native American women, men, reentry, and homeless populations; reductions in substance abuse among Native American adolescents; reductions in HIV/AIDS high-risk behavior among Native American men, women, and adolescents; and decreases in acting out behavior among Native American severely emotionally disturbed children.

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Native Women, Violence, Substance Abuse and HIV Risk

Cited by 28 publications

References 18 publications

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Gender-based violence and HIV: relevance for HIV prevention in hyperendemic countries of southern Africa

Problem Severity Profiles of Substance Abusing Women in Therapeutic Treatment Facilities

Holistic System of Care: A Ten-Year Perspective

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