Native valve endocarditis caused by Kocuria rosea complicated by peripheral mycotic aneurysm in an elderly host

Gunaseelan, P; Suresh, Gokarakonda; Raghavan, V.; Varadarajan, Seshadri

doi:10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_441_16

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kocuria belongs to the phylum Actinobacteria and is a gram-positive cocci, facultative anaerobe and lives on the skin and in the oral cavity generally. It is considered to be non-pathogenic but occurs in some oropharyngeal infections, as well as in endocarditis [ 31 ]. Paracoccus belongs to the phylum Proteobacteria and is a gram-negative non-motile cocci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blood microbiome and its association to cardiovascular disease mortality: case-cohort study

Lawrence

Midtervoll

Samuelsen

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background Little is known about the association between bacterial DNA in human blood and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Methods A case-cohort study was performed based on a 9 ½ year follow-up of the Oslo II study from 2000. Eligible for this analysis were men born in 1923 and from 1926 to 1932. The cases were men (n = 227) who had died from CVD, and the controls were randomly selected participants from the same cohort (n = 178). Analysis of the bacterial microbiome was performed on stored frozen blood samples for both cases and controls. Association analyses for CVD mortality were performed by Cox proportional hazard regression adapted to the case-cohort design. We used the Bonferroni correction due to the many bacterial genera that were identified. Results Bacterial DNA was identified in 372 (82%) of the blood samples and included 78 bacterial genera from six phyla. Three genera were significantly associated with CVD mortality. The genera Kocuria (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 8.50, 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.05, 17.84)) and Enhydrobacter (HR 3.30 (2.01, 5.57)) indicate an association with CVD mortality with increasing levels. The genera Paracoccus (HR 0.29 (0.15, 0.57)) was inversely related. Significant predictors of CVD mortality were: the feeling of bad health; and the consumption of more than three cups of coffee per day. The following registered factors were borderline significant, namely: a history of heart failure; increased systolic blood pressure; and currently taking antihypertensive drugs now, versus previously. Conclusions The increasing levels of two bacterial genera Kocuria (skin and oral) and Enhydrobacter (skin) and low levels of Paracoccus (soil) were associated with CVD mortality independent of known risk factors for CVD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The blood microbiome and its association to cardiovascular disease mortality: case-cohort study

Lawrence

Midtervoll

Samuelsen

et al. 2022

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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“…Besides, Kocuria rosea and Micrococcus luteus can also cause infectious disease in immunocompromised hosts. It has been reported that Kocuria rosea can cause meningitis, canaliculitis, endocarditis, and descending necrotizing mediastinitis [48][49][50][51][52][53][54]. As an opportunistic pathogen, Micrococcus luteus can also cause serious infections, such as endocarditis and brain abscess [55,56].…”

Section: Year Of Publication Major Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjunctival sac bacterial culture of patients using levofloxacin eye drops before cataract surgery: a real-world, retrospective study

et al. 2022

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Background The use of antibiotics preoperatively is effective to decrease the incidence of ocular bacterial infections but may lead to high resistance rate, especially on patients with multi-risk clinical factors. This study systematically analyzed real-world data (RWD) of patients to reveal the association between clinical factors and conjunctival sac bacterial load and offer prophylaxis suggestions. Methods We retrieved RWD of patients using levofloxacin eye drops (5 mL: 24.4 mg, 4 times a day for 3 days) preoperatively. Retrieved data included information on the conjunctival sac bacterial culture, sex, presence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM), and history of hospital-based surgeries. Data was analyzed using SPSS 24.0. Results RWD of 15,415 cases (patients) were retrieved. Among these patients, 5,866 (38.1%) were males and 9,549 (61.9%) females. 5,960 (38.7%) patients had a history of hypertension, and 3,493 (22.7%) patients had a history of DM. 7,555 (49.0%) patients had a history of hospital-based operations. There were 274 (1.8%) positive bacterial cultures. Male patients with hypertension and DM may be at increased risk of having positive bacterial cultures (P < 0.05). Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 56, 20.4%), Kocuria rosea (n = 37, 13.5%), and Micrococcus luteus (n = 32, 11.7%) were the top 3 isolated strains. Most bacterial strains were resistant to various antibiotics except rifampin, and 82.5% (33 of 40 isolates) of Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates had multidrug antibiotic resistance. Numbers of culture-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates in the male group and non-DM group were greater than those in the female and DM groups, respectively. Micrococcus luteus (n = 11, 8.8%) was found less frequently in non-hypertension group than in hypertension group. Conclusion Sex (Male) and the presence of hypertension and DM are risk factors for greater conjunctival sac bacterial loads. We offer a prophylactic suggestion based on the combined use of levofloxacin and rifampin. However, this approach may aggravate risk of multidrug resistance.

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“…After the exclusion of the duplicate articles, the record screening, and the snowball procedure, only 73 studies met the inclusion criteria. These 73 studies provided data on 102 patients, and these data were included in the analysis [ 4 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kocuria Species Infections in Humans—A Narrative Review

Ziogou,

Giannakodimos,

Giannakodimos

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Kocuria species are catalase-positive and coagulase-negative Gram-positive coccoid bacteria that belong to the family Micrococcaceae, order Actinomycetales, and class Actinobacteria. Even though they may be relatively rare, they have been increasingly reported as the causes of human infections lately. The present study aims to review all published cases of Kocuria spp. infections in humans reporting data on epidemiology, microbiology, antimicrobial susceptibility, antimicrobial treatment, and mortality. A narrative review was performed based on a search of Pubmed and Scopus databases in the literature. In total, 73 studies provided data on 102 patients with Kocuria spp. infections. The mean age of patients was 47 years, and 68.3% were male. The most common types of infection were bacteremia (36.3%), skin and soft tissue infection (18.6%), endophthalmitis (15.7%), infective endocarditis (13.7%), and peritonitis (11.8%), most commonly peritoneal–dialysis-associated. The most frequently isolated species was K. kristinae (46.1%), and antimicrobial resistance was lower for vancomycin (7%) and tetracyclines (6.7%). Vancomycin (47%), cephalosporins (39.6%), and quinolones (36.6%) were the most commonly used antimicrobials. The empirical antimicrobial treatment of Kocuria spp. infections should include vancomycin as long as antimicrobial susceptibility results are pending. The infection outcome mainly depends on the type of infection and is higher for infective endocarditis. Endophthalmitis is associated with increased rates of low visual acuity after treatment.

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Native valve endocarditis caused by Kocuria rosea complicated by peripheral mycotic aneurysm in an elderly host

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

The blood microbiome and its association to cardiovascular disease mortality: case-cohort study

The blood microbiome and its association to cardiovascular disease mortality: case-cohort study

Conjunctival sac bacterial culture of patients using levofloxacin eye drops before cataract surgery: a real-world, retrospective study

Kocuria Species Infections in Humans—A Narrative Review

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