Native Ligand Carbonization Renders Common Platinum Nanoparticles Highly Durable for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction: Annealing Temperature Matters

Abstract

Scheme 1. Schematic of the synthesis of graphitic-shell-coated Pt catalysts through in situ ligand carbonization.

Reconstruction of Highly Dense Cu−N4Active Sites in Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Characterized by Operando Synchrotron Radiation

“…[6][7][8] Compared with the two-electron process of anodic hydrogen oxidation reaction, the sluggish four-electron kinetics of cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) always requires a large amount of noble metal Pt to drive, greatly limiting the application of AEMFC. [9][10][11][12][13][14] Consequently, it motivates the development of highly active and cost-effective Pt-free catalysts. Transition metal based single atom site (SAS) dispersed MÀ NÀ C materials with plentiful active sites and maximum atomic utilization, have attracted intensive attention as promising Pt substitutes towards ORR in alkaline media.…”

Synergistic Hybrid Electrocatalysts of Platinum Alloy and Single-Atom Platinum for an Efficient and Durable Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…Favorable mass transports through carbon shells with nanochannels (pores, voids, or defects, etc.) have been reported to allow the ORR catalysis on the surfaces of the core nanoparticles. , The average crystal size of Pt 3 Co and the degree of graphitization are tunable by adjusting the annealing temperature (Figures S2b and S4). Atomic resolution high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM) studies reveal that these nanocrystals have exposed (111) and (200) facets (Figure c).…”

Surfactant-Free Colloidal Syntheses of Precious Metal Nanoparticles for Improved Catalysts

“…To improve surfactant removal, hybrid strategies can be used to substitute capping agents with smaller molecules to remove the latter more efficiently. , It must also be stressed that in some cases the additive removal, e.g., by heat treatment, can bring positive features. For instance, the organic molecules and organic residues can be converted into ultrathin graphitic shells with beneficial features and improved stability, for instance, for electrocatalysis …”

“…For instance, the organic molecules and organic residues can be converted into ultrathin graphitic shells with beneficial features and improved stability, for instance, for electrocatalysis. 91 For the vast majority of catalytic reactions, the use of a surfactant remains a severe drawback continuously stressed over the years. 67,92 In a review from 2019, Losch et al stated that "the removal of the ligand shell offers hence a vast pool of possible treatments.…”