Native Bamboo (Indosasa shibataeoides McClure) Invasion of Broadleaved Forests Promotes Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration in South China Karst

Abstract

Bamboo invasion into broadleaf forests is a common phenomenon in karst areas; however, the effect of bamboo invasion on soil organic carbon (SOC) in karst areas and the mechanism of the effect are not clear. We selected the study site with broad-leaved forests (BF), mixed forests (MF), and pure bamboo (Indosasa shibataeoides McClure) forests (IF). Furthermore, we sampled the soil from 0 cm to 20 cm and 20 cm to 40 cm layers in the region and investigated the soil properties, organic carbon fractions, and microbial communities. At the same time, we sampled the litterfall layer of different stands and determined the biomass. The results showed that bamboo invasion increased the litterfall biomass per unit area of karst forest, increased the bulk weight of the 0–20 cm soil layer, and lowered the soil pH in the 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers, bamboo invasion consistently increased the content of soil AN and AK, whereas the content of AP was significantly reduced after bamboo invasion. Both active organic carbon groups (MBC, DOC, and EOC) and passive organic carbon groups (Fe/Al-SOC and Ca-SOC) increased significantly after bamboo invasion. The bamboo invasion increased the diversity of soil microorganisms and bacterial communities; the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota increased in MF and IF, while the relative abundance of Firmicutes decreased in IF. The structure of fungal communities was altered during the bamboo invasion, with an increase in the relative abundance of Mortierellomycota and a decrease in the relative abundance of Basidiomycota at the level of fungal phyla. Partial least squares path modeling analysis identified bamboo invasion enhanced SOC sequestration mainly by increasing litterfall biomass and altering the structure of the fungal community, and the effect of bacteria on SOC was not significant. Our study suggests that bamboo invasion of broadleaf forests is more favorable to soil organic carbon sequestration in karst areas.

Introducing Native Tree Species Alter the Soil Organic Carbon, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Fine Roots in Moso Bamboo Plantations

“…Bamboo and wood-mixed planting promotes the establishment of multi-storey forests, which helps to enhance the ecological function of single-storey forests [14,15]. Studies have shown that bamboo-tree mixtures can increase the total aboveground biomass, including arborous (tree and Moso bamboo) biomass [16]; enhance litterfall biomass per unit area; improve fungal community structure [17]; and boost the abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the soil [18]. The mixing ratio of Moso bamboo to broadleaf trees impacts the physical and chemical properties of the soil, indirectly influencing the soil bacterial community [19].…”