Nationwide surveillance of bacterial pathogens from patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis conducted by the Japanese surveillance committee during 2009 and 2010: antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus

Abstract

The Japanese surveillance committee conducted the first nationwide surveillance of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens responsible for female acute uncomplicated cystitis at 43 hospitals throughout Japan from April 2009 to November 2010. In this study, the causative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus saprophyticus) and their susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents were investigated by isolation and culturing of bacteria from urine samples. In total, 387 strains were isolated from 461 patients, including E. coli (n = 301, 77.8 %), S. saprophyticus (n = 20, 5.2 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 13, 3.4 %), and Enterococcus faecalis (n = 11, 2.8 %). S. saprophyticus was significantly more common in premenopausal women (P = 0.00095). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of 19 antibacterial agents used for these strains were determined according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute manual. At least 87 % of E. coli isolates showed susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, and 100 % of S. saprophyticus isolates showed susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides. The proportions of fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli strains and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli strains were 13.3 % and 4.7 %, respectively. It is important to confirm the susceptibility of causative bacteria for optimal antimicrobial therapy, and empiric antimicrobial agents should be selected by considering patient characteristics and other factors. However, the number of isolates of fluoroquinolone-resistant or ESBL-producing strains in gram-negative bacilli may be increasing in patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Japan. Therefore, these data present important information for the proper treatment of UTIs and will serve as a useful reference for future surveillance studies.

High Prevalence of Cross-Resistance to Aminoglycosides in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates

“…There is great concern that strains that are resistant to particular antibiotics may acquire resistance to other antibiotics more frequently than non-resistant strains, generating multidrug-resistant strains of E. coli . A recent nationwide survey in the urology field in Japan indicated that, of the isolates examined, less than 10% were resistant to GEN and none were resistant to AMK [5]. Our present study showed a similar frequency of GEN resistance in all E. coli strains.…”

“…Pneumonia and septicemia, which result in considerable morbidity and mortality, may be caused as opportunistic infections. E. coli is the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections, accounting for approximately 80% of uncomplicated community-acquired urinary tract infections [4,5]. Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are often used as first-choice antibiotics in the treatment of urinary tract infections; however, FQ-resistant E. coli strains have become a problem in urology.…”

Japanese nationwide surveillance in 2011 of antibacterial susceptibility patterns of clinical isolates from complicated urinary tract infection cases

“…The 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 18 …”

Fur Represses Adhesion to, Invasion of, and Intracellular Bacterial Community Formation within Bladder Epithelial Cells and Motility in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

“…Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common diseases, and it is estimated that over 80% of uncomplicated UTIs are caused by UPEC (1,2). In the initial stage of infection, UPEC migrates to the bladder, where it adheres to and may invade epithelial cells, in which it forms biofilm-like polymicrobial colonies termed intracellular bacterial communities (IBCs) (3,4).…”