Nationwide incidence of central retinal artery occlusion in Japan: an exploratory descriptive study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims (2011–2015)

Abstract

AimsThe latest evidence in the incidence of central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is needed to support the development of novel treatments as orphan drugs. However, up-to-date information on the incidence of CRAO in the ageing or aged population is limited. We aimed to investigate the nationwide epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CRAO in Japan, using nationwide health insurance claims data.MethodsWe analysed a total of 16 069 762 claims data in the sampling dataset of the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan (NDB), which is the nationwide health insurance claims database of 127 million whole Japanese individuals. CRAO was identified using the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition diagnostic code H34.1. The crude incidence rates and age-standardised incidence rates of CRAO, according to the standard age-structure population of the WHO, were calculated.ResultsThe crude incidence rate of CRAO in Japan was 5.84 (95% CI, 5.71 to 5.97) per 100 000 person-years. With respect to the sex-related incidence, the rate was higher 1.40 times in men than in women (6.85 (95% CI, 6.65 to 7.06) vs 4.88 (95% CI, 4.71 to 5.05), p<0.001). The age-standardised incidence rate was 2.53 (95% CI, 2.29 to 2.76) per 100 000 person-years.ConclusionsThe crude incidence rate of CRAO was higher in Japan than in other countries, as reported previously, reflecting the Japanese population structure as a super-aged society. These findings can be helpful for the development of appropriate healthcare policies to address the increasing incidence of CRAO with the ageing population.

Retinal Vascular Events after mRNA and Adenoviral-Vectored COVID-19 Vaccines—A Case Series

“…Retinal vein occlusions have a global prevalence of 5 per 1000 [6]. Retinal artery occlusions show an estimated prevalence of 1-5 per 100,000 and can be seen as comparable to an ischemic stroke, leading to the recommendation of a diagnostic work-up [7][8][9]. Risk factors for retinal vascular occlusion include age, smoking, hypertension, arteriosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, blood hyperviscosity, and thrombophilia [10].…”

Incidence and Clinical Practice of Exudative Age-related Macular Degeneration

“…The data are made available for academic use through several options and have led to several significant reports. 11,12 The features of the offering options are briefly summarized in Supplemental Table 1.…”

“…Detailed information regarding the NDB is available elsewhere. 10,12,13 Active exudative AMD After we had linked all the claims of individuals aged 40 years and older as previously described, 8 we identified the patients who were A diagnosis of AMD was assigned based on the NDB diagnostic codes, which are the original diagnostic codes of Japan utilized in the NDB, as these codes are known to be able to identify diseases more specifically than the ICD-10 codes. The correspondence table for the NDB diagnostic codes and the ICD-10 codes is provided as Supplemental Table 2;…”

Changes in macrophage-like cells characterized by en face optical coherence tomography after retinal stroke

“…Retinal stroke refers to central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) caused by compromised blood flow via the central retinal artery to the inner retina (1). The estimated age-and sexadjusted incidence of acute CRAO is 1-2.5 per 100,000 persons per year (2)(3)(4)(5). Timely recanalization of the occluded artery to achieve reperfusion and salvage damaged neurons is the main goal of most interventions.…”