Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content: How societies mind the gap

Durante, Federica; Fiske, Susan T.; Kervyn, Nicolas; Cuddy, Amy J. C.; Akande, Adebowale; Adetoun, Bolanle E.; Adewuyi, Modupe; Tserere, Magdeline M.; Ramiah, Ananthi Al; Mastor, Khairul Anwar; Barlow, Fiona Kate; Bonn, Gregory; Tafarodi, Romin W.; Bosak, Janine; Cairns, Ed; Doherty, Claire; Capozza, Dora; Chandran, Anjana; Chryssochoou, Xénia; Iatridis, Tilemachos; Contreras, Juan Manuel; Costa-Lopes, Rui; González, Roberto; Lewis, Janet I.; Tushabe, Gerald; Leyens, Jacques‐Philippe; Mayorga, Renée; Rouhana, Nadim N.; Smith-Castro, Vanessa; Pérez, Roland; Rodríguez‐Bailón, Rosa; Moya, Miguel; Marente, Elena Morales; Gálvez, Marisol Palacios; Sibley, Chris G.; Asbrock, Frank; Storari, Chiara

doi:10.1111/bjso.12005

Cited by 193 publications

(286 citation statements)

References 84 publications

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“…The results supported the application of the SCM on the Swedish stereotype of the poor, and fit well with earlier findings regarding this stereotype in other countries (cf. Asbrock, 2010;Bye et al, 2014;Cuddy et al, 2008;Durante et al, 2013): The content of the stereotype of poor people consists of relatively low ratings on both competence and warmth (i.e. LC-LW or LC-L/MW), always with a higher rating on warmth than competence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perception of the poor: Capturing stereotype content with different measures

2017

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Even though Sweden stands out in many ways, with for example a well-developed welfare system, there are some indications that Swedish egalitarianism does not include tolerance for people with low income. The present research concerns the content of the Swedish stereotype of poor people, and examines whether the poor are associated with just as negative traits as they are in other countries. Three different measurement methods were employed to investigate the contents and strength of the stereotype. In Study 1, participants freely associated on the perceived characteristics of Swedish citizens who receive welfare benefits. They also provided ratings of this group on traits related to warmth and competence. Study 2 employed both trait ratings and implicit measures (Single Category-IATs) in order to estimate the strength of the associations between the poor and warmth/competence, respectively. Across the different measures, the poor were associated with low competence and low-medium warmth. This corroborates the findings from previous research related to the Stereotype Content Model in other countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The perception of the poor: Capturing stereotype content with different measures

2017

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“…Durante et al [18,19] provides some initial evidence for this hypothesis. In a study including 37 samples from 27 nations, it was found that higher inequality lowered warmth perceptions of those higher in socio-economic status and led to increased incompetence perceptions of people lower in SES [19].…”

Section: Why Income Inequality Is Harmful For Intergroup Relations Inmentioning

confidence: 96%

A social identity analysis of responses to economic inequality

Jetten

Turner

Steffens

et al. 2017

Current Opinion in Psychology

118

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“…This space usefully describes a variety of human social perceptions: over US samples, both convenience [students, adults (23)] and representative [adults (24)]; over dozens of countries, using their own social groups (26,27); over time [Italian Fascists (28); American students since 1933 (29)]; over levels of analysis, from individuals (30) to subtypes of women and men (31), immigrants (32), gay men (25), and African Americans (33); and even over other intent-having entities, such as animal species* and corporations (34,35). These warmth-by-competence data suggest the bold conclusion that the dimensions are universally descriptive of group images.…”

Section: Identifying Whom To Trustmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaining trust as well as respect in communicating to motivated audiences about science topics

Fiske

Dupree

2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

356

291

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Expertise is a prerequisite for communicator credibility, entailing the knowledge and ability to be accurate. Trust also is essential to communicator credibility. Audiences view trustworthiness as the motivation to be truthful. Identifying whom to trust follows systematic principles. People decide quickly another’s apparent intent: Who is friend or foe, on their side or not, or a cooperator or competitor. Those seemingly on their side are deemed warm (friendly, trustworthy). People then decide whether the other is competent to enact those intents. Perception of scientists, like other social perceptions, involves inferring both their apparent intent (warmth) and capability (competence). To illustrate, we polled adults online about typical American jobs, rated as American society views them, on warmth and competence dimensions, as well as relevant emotions. Ambivalently perceived high-competence but low-warmth, “envied” professions included lawyers, chief executive officers, engineers, accountants, scientists, and researchers. Being seen as competent but cold might not seem problematic until one recalls that communicator credibility requires not just status and expertise but also trustworthiness (warmth). Other research indicates the risk from being enviable. Turning to a case study of scientific communication, another online sample of adults described public attitudes toward climate scientists specifically. Although distrust is low, the apparent motive to gain research money is distrusted. The literature on climate science communicators agrees that the public trusts impartiality, not persuasive agendas. Overall, communicator credibility needs to address both expertise and trustworthiness. Scientists have earned audiences’ respect, but not necessarily their trust. Discussing, teaching, and sharing information can earn trust to show scientists’ trustworthy intentions.

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Nations' income inequality predicts ambivalence in stereotype content: How societies mind the gap

Cited by 193 publications

References 84 publications

The perception of the poor: Capturing stereotype content with different measures

The perception of the poor: Capturing stereotype content with different measures

A social identity analysis of responses to economic inequality

Gaining trust as well as respect in communicating to motivated audiences about science topics

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