National Treatment for Foreign Investment in China: A Changing Landscape

Shan, Wenhua; Norah, Gallagher; Sheng, Zhang

doi:10.1093/icsidreview/sis011

Cited by 31 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…East Asian states responded to the 1997 crisis largely by further liberalizing and to some extent harmonizing their nation- 32 Recent research suggests that investor protections offered in Asian trade agreements are just as if not stronger than elsewhere in the world (Allee and Elsig 2014). Regional changes are likely driven to a significant degree by changes in China's preferences for better investment protections, including national treatment (Shan, Gallagher and Zhang 2012). al rules (Athukorala 2003;Poulsen and Hufbauer 2011).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

East Asia, Investment, and International Law: Distinctive or Convergent?

Simmons

2015

kjis

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Berkeley as well as at Harvard. Her research interests include international investment law, international criminal law, international human rights, and international political economy. The author wishes to thank Boram Lee and Alexander Noonan for research and other assistance with the manuscript. International investment agreements (IIAs) are the primary legal instruments designed to protect and encourage foreign direct investment worldwide. This article argues that Asian countries have used IIAs just as much as have other regions of the world to attract foreign direct investment, but that their pattern of agreement provisions is somewhat distinctive. States in East and Southeast Asia have tended to enter into agreements that strike a balance somewhat more favorable to host states than to foreign firms, at least when compared to the rest of the world. This may be due to high growth in the region, which tends to strengthen host states' bargaining power, and the availability of a wider range of macroeconomic tools available to many governments in the region to stimulate growth. A better bargaining position leads to less constraining IIAs, which may in turn help to account for the relative dearth of investment disputes involving East and Southeast Asian states, since weaker protections give foreign investors slimmer grounds to dispute their treatment. There is some evidence, however, that the terms of Asian IIAs are beginning to converge with investment agreements elsewhere in the world.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

East Asia, Investment, and International Law: Distinctive or Convergent?

Simmons

2015

kjis

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“…102 For example, China used to accord foreign investors superior national treatment in the sense that they enjoyed even more favorable treatment when compared with Chinese domestic enterprises in terms of tax rate and other conditions of competition. 103 Therefore, the risk of the Chinese government violating BIT obligations is very low. Opposite to this optimistic explanation, a competing argument holds essentially that a dearth of ISDS claims against China is precisely due to the lack of the rule of law in China.…”

Section: China's Limited Experience With Isdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining China's approach to investor‐state dispute settlement reform: A contextual perspective

2022

European Law Journal

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China's approach to ISDS reform is widely perceived as undecided and ambiguous. This paper provides the first detailed analysis of China's submission to the UNITRAL Working Group III and situates China's approach in the context of global dialogue of ISDS reform and competing reform proposals. The paper shows that China's open, flexible, and evolving approach to ISDS reform could be better understood by a contextual evaluation of the pertinent factors which have contributed to its formation. Moreover, this paper explains why China did not sign up to the EU's investment court system (ICS) proposal in the EU‐China Comprehensive Agreement on Investment (CAI). Lastly, the paper argues that China should reconsider its attitude towards the ICS in the CAI context and that the EU's recent suggestion that the envisaged multilateral investment court may adopt an ‘open architecture’ is likely to enhance its appeal to China.

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“…Współpraca w zakresie technologii powinna opierać się na zasadach wolnej woli oraz zakazuje instytucjom rządowym i ich pracownikom bezpośredniego lub pośredniego zmuszania inwestorów zagranicznych do transferu technologii w ramach jakichkolwiek procedur administracyjnych, a także ujawniania tajemnic handlowych, do których mieli dostęp podczas wykonywania swoich obowiązków (FIL, art. 22,23).…”

Section: Promocja I Ochrona Inwestycji Zagranicznychunclassified

“…35). Wcześniejsze regulacje dotyczące przeglądu inwestycji zagranicznych pod kątem bezpieczeństwa narodowego stosowano do monitorowania fuzji i przejęć inwestorów zagranicznych 22 . FIL rozszerzyła swoje zastosowanie na przegląd bezpośrednich inwestycji zagranicznych typu greenfield (od podstaw).…”

Section: Zarządzanie I Nadzór Nad Inwestycjami Zagranicznymiunclassified

Chińskie prawo dotyczące inwestycji zagranicznych: w kierunku poprawy otoczenia prawno-instytucjonalnego dla inwestorów zagranicznych

Radomska¹

2022

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The purpose of this article is to present the main changes to China’s foreign investment law, with a focus on the Foreign Investment Law and its implementing regulation, which are effective from 1 January 2020. These are now the overarching regulations applicable to investors already present in the Chinese market, as well as those planning to expand into the market in the form of foreign direct investment. The following research hypothesis was adopted: The Chinese Foreign Investment Law and its implementing regulation introduce many beneficial changes from the point of view of foreign investors. In-depth analysis of legal texts and their interpretation is the main research method adopted to verify the validity of the research hypothesis. Key findings: The FIL and its implementing regulation, together with the further shortening of the prohibitions and restrictions on foreign investors included in the negative lists, are important steps towards further liberalisation in foreign investors’ access to the Chinese market, offering them wider opportunities to invest capital. They create a more conducive institutional and legal environment for foreign investors compared to the previous legislation. However, further action is needed to address regulatory flaws, increase regulatory transparency, and accelerate the pace of change.

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National Treatment for Foreign Investment in China: A Changing Landscape

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

East Asia, Investment, and International Law: Distinctive or Convergent?

East Asia, Investment, and International Law: Distinctive or Convergent?

Explaining China's approach to investor‐state dispute settlement reform: A contextual perspective

Chińskie prawo dotyczące inwestycji zagranicznych: w kierunku poprawy otoczenia prawno-instytucjonalnego dla inwestorów zagranicznych

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