National rhetorics and inter‐cultural communication

Buddhist preaching: The persistent main undercurrent of Japanese traditional rhetorical communication

“…I think the facts of life indicate that there is not just one rhetoric-instead, there are many different modes of thinking, and many different ways in which influence must be exerted if it is to be effective, (pp. 79-80) From an anthropological point of view, Huber W. Ellingsworth (1969) views "rhetorics as the communication styles of a particular culture, including appropriate themes, modes of expression, standards, purposes, sources, and receivers of communication." (p. 35) These relativistic views commonly argue that rhetoric as a field of research and skill in oral communication exists universally even if it has not systematically developed to the extent in the West.…”