National perspective on in-hospital emergency units in Iraq

Abstract

Background: Hospitals play a crucial role in providing communities with essential medical care during times of disasters. The emergency department is the most vital component of hospitals' inpatient business. In Iraq, at present, there are many casualties that cause a burden of work and the need for structural assessment, equipment updating and evaluation of process. Objective: To examine the current pragmatic functioning of the existing set-up of services of in-hospital emergency departments within some general hospitals in Baghdad and Mosul in order to establish a mechanism for future evaluation for the health services in our community. Methods: A cross-sectional study was employed to evaluate the structure, process and function of six major hospitals with emergency units: four major hospitals in Baghdad and two in Mosul. Results: The six surveyed emergency units are distinct units within general hospitals that serve (collectively) one quarter of the total population. More than one third of these units feature observation unit beds, laboratory services, imaging facilities, pharmacies with safe storage, and ambulatory entrance. Operation room was found only in one hospital's reception and waiting area. Consultation/track area, cubicles for infection control, and discrete tutorial rooms were not available. Patient assessment was performed (although without adequate privacy). The emergency specialist, family medicine specialist and interested general practitioner exist in one-third of the surveyed units. Psychiatrist, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, and social work links are not available. The shortage in medication, urgent vaccines and vital facilities is an obvious problem. Conclusions: Our emergency unit's level and standards of care are underdeveloped. The inconsistent process and inappropriate environments need to be reconstructed. The lack of drugs, commodities, communication infrastructure, audit and training all require effective build up.

Burns in Baghdad from 2003 to 2014: Results of a randomized household cluster survey

“…While these facilities are accessible by most persons, they run at or above capacity, are not designed around the ‘burn center’ concept, and have suffered from the effects of prolonged conflict. [39–41] In addition, less than half of patients in need have access to these hospitals, given an inadequate number of facilities and an uneven distribution of public hospitals. [42] Thus, 16% of those burned in Baghdad died, which is higher than previous studies that reported a 5 to 10% mortality among civilians burned during wartime elsewhere, as well as in LMICs not affected by crisis.…”