National Institutes of Health Policy on the Inclusion of Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical Research

Kelty, Miriam F.; Bates, Angela; Pinn, Vivian W.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-382167-6.00013-8

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Many people had predicted that women would not want to participate in clinical research, but as many studies later documented, I found enthusiasm in communities of women for a role in research. Once women were informed about the benefits to future medical knowledge and care and about the historical examples of conclusions from research applied to women but based on studies of men, they were eager to learn how they could participate (34,35).…”

Section: Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.

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At the age of four, I announced that I wanted to be a pediatrician, and my paternal grandmother taught me how to spell that word using a calendar with large letters hanging on her kitchen wall. It was many years before I actually knew what a pathologist was or what richness of experiences that I would gain personally and professionally by the almost happenstance series of events that led me to enter the world of pathology. Eventually those experiences and contacts helped develop the second phase of my career as the first full-time Director of the Office of Research on Women's Health (ORWH) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1991-a newly instituted position and endeavor for the NIH. As I look back on my somewhat dual career, more than 50 years in medicine, I find my pathway to the discipline of pathology and its resulting major influence on my professional pursuits and accomplishments rather amazing, even to me.Both of my parents were high school teachers, employed in separate town school systems due to contemporary rules that barred employing couples in the same school system. This led to my maternal grandparents in rural Halifax County (where I was born) and, later, my paternal grandparents in Lynchburg contributing much to my care during weekdays. This arrangement continued well into my elementary school years, until my mother was able to obtain a teaching position closer to our home in Lynchburg, which gave her the ability to commute daily and reunite my family in one residence. My father provided care to his parents, my grandfather, who eventually died of colon cancer, and my grandmother, who suffered from diabetes. I helped my family, especially my father, take care of my grandparents; I was taught, for example, to provide them with pain-relieving and insulin injections, and this introduced me to the thought and practice of caring for the ill. I was also impressed, in those days of house calls by physicians, by how everyone seemed better after the doctor's visit-my ailing grandparents who were treated and other family members who were relieved-so much that I decided I wanted to be a doctor. I was very fortunate and grateful, in those days when few women worked in medicine and when segregation was still the law in the 1940s and 1950s, that my parents and family never discouraged me from becoming a physician. They simply reminded me all the time that, if I wanted to go into medicine, I needed to study-a convenient way to exercise discipline over me.After graduating from a segregated high school in Lynchburg in 1958, I opted to attend college at one of the all-female Seven Sisters, Wellesley College in Massachusetts, as a scholarship and work-study premedical student. It was here that a series of events created the pathways to my future career. This is my journey in medicine, beginning in academic pathology and then leading a federal initiative to promote women's health research within and beyond the NIH. FINDING MEDICINE AS MY FUTUREAt the end of my sophomore year of college, my mother was complaini...

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Section: Inclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2018

Annu. Rev. Pathol. Mech. Dis.

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“…The underrepresentation of women in research, especially pregnant women in clinical trials for reasons of safety (woman and fetus), is a longstanding issue in research. 22,23 The exclusion of minority groups, for example African Americans in the United States, 24 on the grounds of feasibility or concerns of mistreatment, or being taken advantage of, has also been highlighted as a major concern in the research literature. Migrant populations present unique challenges, including their linguistic and cultural diversity and implications related to their migration status, for example, the precarity of their situation and lack of knowledge of their rights.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Participation of childbearing international migrant women in research

et al. 2014

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Fear of burdening or harming childbearing, migrant women, particularly refugees or others who have experienced war, torture, abuse, or rape, can result in their exclusion from research. This exclusion prohibits health issues and related solutions to be identified for this population. For this reason, while it may be challenging to include these women in studies, it is ethically problematic not to do so. Using ethical guidelines for research involving humans as a framework, and drawing on our research experiences. This discussion article proposes a number of strategies to improve the conditions for childbearing migrant women to participate in health research. What emerged as key for studying this diverse population and ensuring an ethically responsible approach are the use of methods that are adapted to the circumstances of childbearing migrant women and the involvement and support from "migrant-friendly" organizations. Ensuring migrant women are involved in the research process and knowledge produced is also critical. The more researchers working in this field communicate their experiences, the more will be learnt about how best to approach research with migrants. More migration and health research will enable a greater contribution to the knowledge base upon which the needs of this population can be met and their strengths maximized.

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Gender Bias: An Undesirable Challenge in Health Professions and Health Care

Pinn

2018

Diversity and Inclusion in Quality Patient Care

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National Institutes of Health Policy on the Inclusion of Women and Minorities as Subjects in Clinical Research

Cited by 7 publications

References 19 publications

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Participation of childbearing international migrant women in research

Gender Bias: An Undesirable Challenge in Health Professions and Health Care

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