National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases workshop report: “Chlamydia vaccines: The way forward”

Abstract

Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct), an intracellular pathogen, is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection. In addition to acute cervicitis and urethritis, Ct can lead to serious sequelae of significant public health burden including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility. Ct control efforts have not resulted in desired outcomes such as reduced incidence and reinfection, and this highlights the need for the development of an effective Ct vaccine. To this end, NIAID organized a workshop to consider the current status of Ct vaccine research and address critical questions in Ct vaccine design and clinical testing. Topics included the goal(s) of a vaccine and the feasibility of achieving these goals, animal models of infection including mouse and nonhuman primate (NHP) models, and correlates of protection to guide vaccine design. Decades of research have provided both whole cell-based and subunit vaccine candidates for development. At least one is currently in clinical development and efforts now need to be directed toward further development of the most attractive candidates. Overall, the discussions and presentations from the workshop highlighted optimism about the current status of Ct vaccine research and detailed the remaining gaps and questions needed to move vaccines forward.

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“…Национальный институт аллергии и инфекционных заболеваний (NIAID) в своем докладе «Вакцины против хламидиоза: дальнейшие пути развития» [14] [15]. Хотя конечной целью является стерилизующий иммунитет, но вызываемый вакцинацией частичный иммунитет, предотвращающий инфекцию и воспаление верхних отделов половых путей, может быть экономически более выгодным, чем существующие стратегии скрининга и лечения [16].…”

Development of vaccines against gonorrhoea, syphilis, chlamydia, herpes simplex virus, human immunodeficiency virus and Zika virus

“…Национальный институт аллергии и инфекционных заболеваний (NIAID) в своем докладе «Вакцины против хламидиоза: дальнейшие пути развития» [14] Предполагается, что для доставки вакцины против Chlamydia trachomatis могут использоваться биоразлагаемые наночастицы, выступающие в качестве адъюванта [26].…”

Protection of outbred mice against a vaginal challenge by a Chlamydia trachomatis serovar E recombinant major outer membrane protein vaccine is dependent on phosphate substitution in the adjuvant

“…18 Therefore, vaccination could be the best approach to prevent C. trachomatis infections and reduce the burden of disease. [20][21][22][23][24][25] The major outer membrane protein (MOMP), one of the most abundant, immunogenic chlamydial proteins, has been shown to elicit protective immunity in mice, similar to that induced by natural infection. 26 Both innate and adaptive immune responses are elicited by natural C. trachomatis infections, with IFN-γ and IL-17 playing important roles as key effectors for both protection and pathological responses.…”