National evaluation of the effect of graduated driver licensing laws on teenager fatality and injury crashes

Lyon, Joshua D.; Pan, Rong; Li, Jing

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2011.10.007

Cited by 51 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, our estimated associations between GDL laws and crash rates per person-year were similar to those of other studies. Previous nationwide studies have reported that GDL laws were associated with reductions in crash rates per person-year for 16 year olds; the aIRRpy of 0.74,23 0.62,24 0.5922 and 0.4225 are compatible with our estimate of 0.65. For 17 year olds, prior studies have reported aIRRpy of 0.91,23 0.8122 and 0.70,25 not very different from our estimate of 0.83.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Previous nationwide studies have reported that GDL laws were associated with reductions in crash rates per person-year for 16 year olds; the aIRRpy of 0.74,23 0.62,24 0.5922 and 0.4225 are compatible with our estimate of 0.65. For 17 year olds, prior studies have reported aIRRpy of 0.91,23 0.8122 and 0.70,25 not very different from our estimate of 0.83. For 18 year olds, the reported aIRRs were 1.10,23 0.9622 and 0.93,28 similar to our estimate of 0.93.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

et al. 2014

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Background Graduated driver licensing (GDL) laws are associated with reduced crash rates per person-year among adolescents. It is unknown whether adolescents crash less per miles driven or drive less under GDL policies. Methods We used data from the US National Household Travel Survey and Fatality Analysis Reporting System for 1995–1996, 2001–2002, and 2008–2009. We compared adolescents subject to GDL laws with those not, by estimating adjusted incidence rate ratios for being a driver in a crash with a death per person-year (aIRRpy) and per miles driven (aIRRm), and adjusted miles driven ratios (aMR) controlling for changes in rates over time. Results Comparing persons subject to GDL policies with those not, 16-year-olds had fewer fatal crashes per person-year (aIRRpy 0.63, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47, 0.91), drove fewer miles (aMR 0.79, 95% CI 0.63, 0.98), and had lower crash rates per miles driven (aIRRm 0.83, 95% CI 0.65, 1.06). For age 17, the aIRRpy was 0.83 (95% CI 0.60, 1.17), the aMR 0.80 (95% CI 0.63, 1.03), and the aIRRm 1.03 (95% CI 0.80, 1.35). For age 18, the aIRRpy was 0.93 (95% CI 0.72, 1.19), the aMR 0.92 (95% CI 0.77, 1.09), and the aIRRm 1.01 (95% CI 0.84, 1.23). Conclusions If these associations are causal, GDL laws reduced crashes per person-year by about one-third among 16-year-olds; half the reduction was due to fewer crashes per miles driven and half to less driving. For ages 17 and 18, there was no evidence of reduced crash rates per miles driven.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

et al. 2014

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“…illiterate, and most of the involved taxi drivers have a middle or junior high school education background, accounting for 72.72% of the total samples. In the previous studies, sufficient evidence was gathered to prove that drivers licensing influences the frequency of crashes involved (21,22). Accordingly, there is a clear and strict governmental regulation requiring that the taxi driver must carry a General Driving License (GDL)* while driving a taxi vehicle, and it is illegal to work with a Private Driving License (PDL)*.…”

Section: Roadway Contributorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Taxi Accidents in Xi'an, China: What Matters Most?

Wang

Li²,

Du³

et al. 2015

Cent Eur J Public Health

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SUMMARYObjectives: Since the city of Xi'an has been extremely concerned with the serious problem of taxi involved crashes, injuries and fatalities, the primary purpose of this study is to identify the risk factors associated with the magnitude and nature of the problem and provide possible measures for enhancing the overall safety performance of taxi industry.Methods: Using 726 crash samples from the original of 7,183 observations in Xi'an over the period from 2006 to 2012, comparative statistics and systematic analysis were employed to describe the distribution of taxi crashes by driver characteristics, roadway contributors and environmental factors and then determine the significant factors contributing to crash injuries and fatalities.Results: The trend and pattern of taxi involved crashes vary significantly. Middle aged (77.27%) male (91.60%) drivers with limited education (68.59%) and less driving (31.27%) and job (82.50%) experience were much more likely to be involved in such a crash. Additionally, it is found that a large majority of taxi crashes occurred with the most frequent type of rear end collisions (30.72%), on six-lane segments without median (16.94%) or four legged intersections (15.29%), under adverse weather conditions (31.82%), at weekends (34.99%), and during winter days (34.72%), but fatal and serious crashes were more likely to happen at night (30.72%) or under wet road surface conditions (16.94%), due to driver's overspeeding, unbelted, disregarding signs or signals, or other types of risk driving behaviour.Conclusions: The risk of taxi related crashes varies by drivers, roadways and environment. To reduce the risk of potential crashes for taxi drivers, we recommend the targeted legislation and enforcement, stronger night and trip restrictions, awareness of risk behaviour, and periodical training requirement. Such proposals and measures are expected to help mitigate taxi crashes and promote road safety in China.

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“…Sufficient reports agreed that drivers licensing (GDL) influences the frequency of crashes involved (Lyon, Pan, Li, 2012). Accordingly, there is a clear and strict governmental regulation requiring that the taxi driver must carry a General Driving License (GDL) while driving a taxi vehicle, and it is illegal for him or her to work with a Private Driving License (PDL).…”

Section: License Status and Driving Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Contributing to Taxi Involved Crashes: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

Zhao

Zhang²,

2015

Period. Polytech. Transp. Eng.

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National evaluation of the effect of graduated driver licensing laws on teenager fatality and injury crashes

Cited by 51 publications

References 22 publications

The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

The association of graduated driver licensing with miles driven and fatal crash rates per miles driven among adolescents

Prevention of Taxi Accidents in Xi'an, China: What Matters Most?

Risk Factors Contributing to Taxi Involved Crashes: A Case Study in Xi’an, China

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