National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) for inertial confinement fusion (ICF)/high-energy density (HED) science: The whole exceeds the sum of its parts

Kilkenny, J. D.; Hsing, W. W.; Batha, S. H.; Rochau, G. A.; Sangster, T. C.; Bell, P. M.; Bradley, D. K.; Chen, H.; Frenje, J. A.; Gatu-Johnson, M.; Glebov, V. Yu.; Leeper, R. J.; Mackinnon, A. J.; Regan, S. P.; Ross, J. S.; Weaver, J. l.

doi:10.1063/5.0128650

Review of Scientific Instruments

2023

DOI: 10.1063/5.0128650

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National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) for inertial confinement fusion (ICF)/high-energy density (HED) science: The whole exceeds the sum of its parts

J. D. Kilkenny,

W. W. Hsing,

S. H. Batha

et al.

Abstract: The National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) has led the effort to fully exploit the major inertial confinement fusion/high-energy density facilities in the US with the best available diagnostics. These diagnostics provide key data used to falsify early theories for ignition and suggest new theories, recently leading to an experiment that exceeds the Lawson condition required for ignition. The factors contributing to the success of the NDWG, collaboration and scope evolution, and the methods of accomplishment … Show more

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Cited by 3 publications

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Introduction to the special topic on inertial confinement fusion diagnostics

Batha

2024

Review of Scientific Instruments

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Introduction to the special topic on inertial confinement fusion diagnostics

Batha

2024

Review of Scientific Instruments

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The crucial role of diagnostics in achieving ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF)

Kilkenny,

Pak,

Landen

et al. 2024

Physics of Plasmas

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Well over 100 diagnostics can operate on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) as a result of several decades of development on NIF, and before that on Nova, OMEGA, and earlier LLNL lasers. A subset of these have guided the approach to achieving ignition on the NIF in 2022 [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129(7), 075001 (2022)]. Achieving ignition on NIF has required many types of experiments with this core set of diagnostics, some constraining known unknowns and some revealing surprises—arguably unknown unknowns. Early design work realized that the extreme precision required for ignition on NIF would require fine-tuning by experiment, that is, measuring and adjusting known unknowns. Many examples are given where the use of the core set of ignition diagnostics in experimental arrangements called platforms demonstrated control of the key theoretical parameters defined as shape, adiabat, velocity, and mix. The direction of the adjustments to input conditions is found either by trend analysis or, in many cases, by observing from the diagnostic data the direction to make an adjustment. In addition, diagnostics have revealed some unexpected or neglected known issues, which degrade performance, or unexpected issues, unknown unknowns. Some of these factors had been previously considered, but underestimated or difficult to calculate at the time. The overall methodology can be described as a variant of Popper's falsifiability philosophy [K. Popper, The Logic of Scientific Discovery (Hutchinson, 1974)]. This paper summarizes the role of ignition diagnostics in terms of falsification or validation of theory or experimental setup as well as uncovering unexpected issues. The journey to ignition started in the seventies with a 1-µm wavelength laser producing disastrous results. Diagnostics have guided us to the recent multi-decadal goal of demonstrating ignition and burn in the laboratory.

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Enhanced fractional-order total variation regularization-based velocity field reconstruction for CUP-VISAR diagnostic system

Li,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Opt. Express

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The fusion of a velocity interferometer system for any reflector with compressed ultrafast photography systems in recent literature can achieve two-dimensional spatiotemporal diagnosis of shock wave velocities. Addressing the limitations posed by 7 × 7 coded aperture sampling, this study introduces an enhanced three-dimensional reconstruction algorithm grounded in fractional-order total variation regularization (E-3DFOTV). Simulated reconstructions and analysis were conducted on 80 frames of 350 × 800 fringes. The results show that compared with TWIST, ADMM, and E-3DTV, the average PSNR of the E-3DFOTV algorithm is increased by 16.81 dB, 14.46 dB, and 2.98 dB, respectively, and the average SSIM of the E-3DFOTV algorithm is increased by 53.20%, 27%, and 3.19%, respectively. Moreover, the reconstruction time consumption of E-3DFOTV is reduced by 33.48% compared with the E-3DTV algorithm and 2.94% compared with the ADMM algorithm. The two-dimensional distribution of shock wave velocity fields reconstructed using E-3DFOTV exhibits minimal errors, with percentages within 1.67%, 1.00%, and 2.14% at different slices, respectively. Moreover, the experiment was conducted on the ShenGuang-III prototype laser facility and VISAR data has been reconstructed in 1.25 ns range. Reconstruction results from experimental data demonstrate that the percentage errors at maximum velocity location for ADMM, E-3DTV, and E-3DFOTV are 12.08%, 19.27%, and 3.59%, and the maximum percentage error for E-3DFOTV is 6.65%, underscoring the feasibility of the algorithm.

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National Diagnostic Working Group (NDWG) for inertial confinement fusion (ICF)/high-energy density (HED) science: The whole exceeds the sum of its parts

Cited by 3 publications

References 191 publications

Introduction to the special topic on inertial confinement fusion diagnostics

Introduction to the special topic on inertial confinement fusion diagnostics

The crucial role of diagnostics in achieving ignition on the National Ignition Facility (NIF)

Enhanced fractional-order total variation regularization-based velocity field reconstruction for CUP-VISAR diagnostic system

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