National Cancer Registry of Pakistan: First Comprehensive Report of Cancer Statistics 2015-2019

Ikram, Aamer; Pervez, Shahid; Khadim, Muhammad Tahir; Sohaib, Muhammad; Uddin, Hafeez; Badar, Farhana; Masood, Aqsa; Khattak, Z.; Naz, Sumera; Rahat, Tayyaba; Murad, Nighat; Memon, Farah Naz; Abid, Sumera; Bashir, Faiza; Rafique, Ibrar; Mustafa, Muhammad Ayaz; Kumar, R.; Shafiq, Ahmed Mahran

doi:10.29271/jcpsp.2023.06.625

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Only a few local retrospective studies are available on outcomes. Recently, a National Cancer Registry report from Pakistan (2015-2019) showed that liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers represent 4.43% of all cancers, with a higher prevalence in men compared to women (6.73% vs 2.45%)[ 9 ]. In a retrospective analysis of 245 patients with biliary tract malignancy at Aga Khan University, 11.8% were diagnosed with CCA[ 10 ].…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Dar,

Abbas,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

World J Gastroenterol

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A consensus meeting of national experts from all major national hepatobiliary centres in the country was held on May 26, 2023, at the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute & Research Centre (PKLI & RC) after initial consultations with the experts. The Pakistan Society for the Study of Liver Diseases (PSSLD) and PKLI & RC jointly organised this meeting. This effort was based on a comprehensive literature review to establish national practice guidelines for hilar cholangiocarcinoma (hCCA). The consensus was that hCCA is a complex disease and requires a multidisciplinary team approach to best manage these patients. This coordinated effort can minimise delays and give patients a chance for curative treatment and effective palliation. The diagnostic and staging workup includes high-quality computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Brush cytology or biopsy utilizing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is a mainstay for diagnosis. However, histopathologic confirmation is not always required before resection. Endoscopic ultrasound with fine needle aspiration of regional lymph nodes and positron emission tomography scan are valuable adjuncts for staging. The only curative treatment is the surgical resection of the biliary tree based on the Bismuth-Corlette classification. Selected patients with unresectable hCCA can be considered for liver transplantation. Adjuvant chemotherapy should be offered to patients with a high risk of recurrence. The use of preoperative biliary drainage and the need for portal vein embolisation should be based on local multidisciplinary discussions. Patients with acute cholangitis can be drained with endoscopic or percutaneous biliary drainage. Palliative chemotherapy with cisplatin and gemcitabine has shown improved survival in patients with irresectable and recurrent hCCA.

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Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Dar,

Abbas,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

World J Gastroenterol

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“…Whereas, in females, it ranks as the third most common cancer (4.85%). Rampant chewing of smokeless tobacco products (SLTs) like betel quid, areca nut, and gutka is one of the main risk factors for high burden of OC in Pakistan [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in oral squamous cell carcinoma with or without chewing habits

Anwar,

Chundriger,

Awan

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Oral cancer (OC) is the most common cancer in Pakistani males and the second most common in females. Major risk factors include peculiar chewing habits, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and molecular pathways. However, less data is available for this avertible cancer regarding its association with high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) and chewing habits in this region. Therefore, this study was done to determine the prevalence of HR-HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its correlation with p16 and chewing habits. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsy specimens of 186 samples were tested for HR-HPV type 16/18 by PCR, followed by p16 immunostaining (IHC) in a subset of cases (n = 50). Appropriate statistical tests were applied to find the association between HR-HPV/p16 and peculiar chewing habits with significance criteria of p<0.05 with 95% CI. HR-HPV (type 16 &18) was present in seven out of 186 cases (3.8%). Of these seven cases, five were positive for HPV16, whereas two were positive for HPV16/18. The overall expression of p16 protein in 50 samples was 38% (n = 19), and among these 19-IHC positive samples, 26% were positive for HR-HPV DNA. No significant association was found between HR-HPV positivity and p16 and chewing habits (p>0.05). It was concluded that HR-HPV prevalence in OSCC was very low in our population, with no statistically significant correlation with p16 and chewing habits. These results suggest the role of HR-HPV as an independent risk factor in OSCC in the local setting.

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“…The landscape of rectal cancer treatment has evolved significantly in recent years, reflecting a dynamic shift in the care paradigm. Colorectal cancers, constituting the third most prevalent cancer globally, contribute to approximately 10% of newly diagnosed cancer cases worldwide [ 1 ]. Strikingly, in Pakistan, recent data from the National Cancer Registry positions colorectal cancer as the second most common cancer, underscoring its considerable impact on the local population [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) TNM staging delineates Stage II rectal cancers as node-negative, while Stage III includes node-positive disease without distant metastasis. The latter category often necessitates a comprehensive treatment approach involving chemotherapy, radiation, and surgical resection [ 1 , 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring treatment outcomes in Stage II-III rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy at a tertiary care center in Pakistan: a comprehensive analysis of pathological outcomes

Soomro,

Khan,

Muhammad

et al. 2024

BMC Cancer

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Background Rectal cancer treatment has transformed in recent years, with neoadjuvant treatment (NT) and total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT) aiming to enhance pathological responses. This pioneering study in our country delves into rectal cancer management, offering crucial insights by examining pathological outcomes in patients treated with the NT and TNT approach, shaping the evolving landscape. Methods In this retrospective-cohort study spanning January 2017 to December 2022 at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan, ethical approval was obtained to examine outcomes of two treatments. Patients were divided into TNT (chemoradiation and pre-surgery 5 FU-based chemotherapy) and NT (chemoradiation, surgery, and subsequent 5 FU-based chemotherapy). The primary end-point was response rates—no response, pathological complete response (pCR), near complete response (near CR), and partial response (PR). The Chi-Square Test for Independence assessed the association between treatment response and type (TNT or NT). Data analysis used STATA MP 64; significance was set at p < 0.05 for all two-tailed tests. Results We analyzed 77 patients, 60 underwent standard neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and 17 followed the total neoadjuvant approach. Predominantly male, most were > 65 with ECOG 0–1. The TNT group showed higher response rates (76% vs 62%, p = 0.039), with 40.38% achieving pCR. In the overall population, pCR and near-CR were similar (27.2% vs 26%), while PR were 14%. Treatment characteristics correlated significantly with chemotherapy type, concurrent chemoradiation, LVI, PNI, and T, N, M staging (p < 0.05). Median overall survival was not reached, and mean survival was 89.1 months (CI: 95.0 to 83.3). Side effects varied, with notable differences in neuropathy, diarrhea, oral mucositis, and thrombocytopenia between NT and TNT groups. Conclusion Our study adds to evidence favoring neoadjuvant approaches in managing rectal cancer in pakistan. Demonstrating a favorable pcr rate, ongoing research with extended follow-up is essential, given the dynamic landscape of rectal cancer treatment for improved patient outcomes.

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National Cancer Registry of Pakistan: First Comprehensive Report of Cancer Statistics 2015-2019

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

National guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma

Prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus in oral squamous cell carcinoma with or without chewing habits

Exploring treatment outcomes in Stage II-III rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant therapy at a tertiary care center in Pakistan: a comprehensive analysis of pathological outcomes

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