Natal dispersal and breeding dispersal of a subsocial spitting spider (<i>Scytodes pallida</i>) (Araneae: Scytodidae), from Singapore

Li, D.; Kuan, Jung

doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.2005.00028.x

Cited by 12 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…2007). It would also be interesting to explore dispersal abilities in subadults, which in subsocial species constitute a sizable fraction of individuals involved in natal dispersal and thus in the termination of the social phase (Aviles & Gelsey 1998; Lubin, Hennicke & Schneider 1998; Li & Kuan 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociality level correlates with dispersal ability in spiders

et al. 2012

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Summary1. The evolution of sociality alters the genetic structure of populations, often leading to an increase in the level of inbreeding and a concomitant decrease in the ratio between the benefits and costs of dispersal. 2. The association between an absence of dispersal and sociality in spiders has so far been established indirectly from the age distribution of colonies, their genetic structure and their sex ratio. Using a functional and mechanistic approach, we investigated the dispersal tendencies and abilities of individuals of both sexes in species of spiders with different degrees of sociality. We predicted that dispersal tendencies and abilities would decrease when sociality increased. 3. In seven species of Anelosimus (Theridiidae), we tested whether there is a sharp transition between dispersing subsocial species and non-dispersing social ones, or whether dispersal ability decreases more gradually as level of sociality increases and whether both sexes are equally affected. Our assays measured the propensity and ability to bridge, a common aerial locomotion mode in spiders that is especially relevant during pre-mating dispersal. 4. We found that the tendency to disperse by bridging and, at least in males, the ability to disperse, significantly decrease as the level of sociality increases, and that this occurs without a pronounced threshold between subsocial and social species. Additionally, we detected a reduction of leg length relative to body size with increasing sociality and decreasing dispersal abilities in males, which may be mechanistically related to their reduced ability to bridge. 5. We propose that the loss of dispersal ability associated with the evolution of sociality in spiders, especially in males, could contribute to the maintenance of their inbred social systems by substantially increasing dispersal costs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sociality level correlates with dispersal ability in spiders

et al. 2012

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“…pictum (Ruttan, 1990), and spiders from larger colonies also disperse sooner in Sc. pallida (Li & Kuan, 2006). These studies suggest that those spiders under the greatest food stress are the first to disperse.…”

Section: Consequences Of Subsociality (1) Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Some degree of inbreeding is probably the norm in these species, and the effects of inbreeding are relatively minor (Bilde et al, 2005;Avilés & Bukowski, 2006) and may be entirely masked by the positive effects of cooperation (Avilés & Bukowski, 2006). studiosus (Furey, 1998;Duncan et al, 2010), Theridion grallator (Gillespie, 1990), Scytodes pallida (Li & Kuan, 2006), and St. tentoriicola (Ruch et al, 2009b). studiosus (Furey, 1998;Duncan et al, 2010), Theridion grallator (Gillespie, 1990), Scytodes pallida (Li & Kuan, 2006), and St. tentoriicola (Ruch et al, 2009b).…”

Section: Consequences Of Subsociality (1) Dispersalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal care and subsocial behaviour in spiders

Yip

Rayor

2013

Biological Reviews

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While most spiders are solitary and opportunistically cannibalistic, a variety of social organisations has evolved in a minority of spider species. One form of social organisation is subsociality, in which siblings remain together with their parent for some period of time but disperse prior to independent reproduction. We review the literature on subsocial and maternal behaviour in spiders to highlight areas in which subsocial spiders have informed our understanding of social evolution and to identify promising areas of future research. We show that subsocial behaviour has evolved independently at least 18 times in spiders, across a wide phylogenetic distribution. Subsocial behaviour is diverse in terms of the form of care provided by the mother, the duration of care and sibling association, the degree of interaction and cooperation among siblings, and the use of vibratory and chemical communication. Subsocial spiders are useful model organisms to study various topics in ecology, such as kin recognition and the evolution of cheating and its impact on societies. Further, why social behaviour evolved in some lineages and not others is currently a topic of debate in behavioural ecology, and we argue that spiders offer an opportunity to untangle the ecological causes of parental care, which forms the basis of many other animal societies.

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“…Dispersal web formation occurred during the first half of the season (~40 days). Such a broad dispersal initiation period could be due to differences in maturation time of individuals and/or different physiological state: both hypotheses have been explored in other group living spiders (Bodasing, Crouch, & Slotow, ; Gonzaga & Vasconcellos‐Neto, ; Li & Kuan, ; Powers & Avilés, ; Ruttan, ; Schneider & Bilde, ). Time of dispersal can have important implications over life history of individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsocial spiders in space and time: A fine scale approach to the dynamics of dispersal

Aceves-Aparicio

Tapia-McClung²,

Macías-Ordóñez

et al. 2018

Ethology

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Less than 0.2% of all spider species live in close associations with conspecifics. Among these, subsocial spiders show characteristics of both solitary spiders (e.g., individuals disperse for breeding) and social spiders (e.g., prolonged cooperative behaviours at least prior to independent reproduction). Dispersing individuals build small webs, usually with one inhabitant, whereas colonies are large webs with plant debris and harbouring multiple females. We studied the spatiotemporal dynamics of dispersal in the subsocial spider Anelosimus baeza. We followed the occupancy of all colonies and dispersal webs over the breeding season by mapping the number and sex of spiders with respect to their location in three dimensions. We studied the settlement patterns of new webs and fluctuation in web occupancy through movement between occupied and abandoned webs of colonies and dispersal webs. The occupancy of webs was highly dynamic with changes occurring at small time scales. The similarity in the patterns of web occupancy by females among dispersal webs was partially explained by their spatial and their temporal proximity. Our results suggest that dispersal webs may be used by spiders as a temporary refuge by both sexes during the breeding season. Patterns described here suggest new approaches to dispersal studies in group living spiders.

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Natal dispersal and breeding dispersal of a subsocial spitting spider (Scytodes pallida) (Araneae: Scytodidae), from Singapore

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Sociality level correlates with dispersal ability in spiders

Sociality level correlates with dispersal ability in spiders

Maternal care and subsocial behaviour in spiders

Subsocial spiders in space and time: A fine scale approach to the dynamics of dispersal

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