Nasopharyngeal swabs as alternative specimens for the diagnosis of dengue virus infection

Maia, Alícia Cavalcante; Quintão, Tatyane de Souza Cardoso; Oliveira, Pâmela Maria de; Cassemiro, Évelin Mota; Alves, Daiani Cristina Cilião; Alves, Priscilla Pedrette de Melo; Martins, Fabiano dos Anjos Pereira; Araújo, Emerson Luiz Lima; Gurgel, Helen; Noronha, Elza Ferreira; Ramalho, Walter Massa; Pereira, Alex Leite; Slavov, Svetoslav Nanev; Araújo, Wildo Navegantes de; Haddad, Rodrigo

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2023.03.024

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Plasma or serum are most commonly used for NAAT, though detection may be possible for several weeks longer in whole blood [90]. A nasopharyngeal swab was a poorly sensitive specimen (68 % compared with PCR of blood) in a small study, but may be suitable for situations when phlebotomy is not possible [91]. Dried serum [92], venous [87] or capillary [86] blood spot may also be used for diagnostic purposes [87] and epidemiologic studies [12] but are also less sensitive.…”

Section: Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable heterogeneity was observed in sensitivity estimates between the pooled studies, especially for NS1 antigen potentially relating to both operator factors and variability in populations to which the test was applied and variability in the gold standard referenced. The overall performance was best for the NS1/IgM/IgG tests, which achieved a pooled sensitivity estimate of 91 %(95 % CI [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95] and specificity of 96 %(95 % CI [91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. This likely reflects their spectrum of activity.…”

Section: Rapid Diagnostic Testsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Dengue: A review of laboratory diagnostics in the vaccine age

Frazer,

Norton

2024

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Background. Dengue is an important arboviral infection of considerable public health significance. It occurs in a wide global belt within a variety of tropical regions. The timely laboratory diagnosis of Dengue infection is critical to inform both clinical management and an appropriate public health response. Vaccination against Dengue virus is being introduced in some areas. Discussion. Appropriate diagnostic strategies will vary between laboratories depending on the available resources and skills. Diagnostic methods available include viral culture, the serological detection of Dengue-specific antibodies in using enzyme immunoassays (EIAs), microsphere immunoassays, haemagglutination inhibition or in lateral flow point of care tests. The results of antibody tests may be influenced by prior vaccination and exposure to other flaviviruses. The detection of non-structural protein 1 in serum (NS1) has improved the early diagnosis of Dengue and is available in point-of-care assays in addition to EIAs. Direct detection of viral RNA from blood by PCR is more sensitive than NS1 antigen detection but requires molecular skills and resources. An increasing variety of isothermal nucleic acid detection methods are in development. Timing of specimen collection and choice of test is critical to optimize diagnostic accuracy. Metagenomics and the direct detection by sequencing of viral RNA from blood offers the ability to rapidly type isolates for epidemiologic purposes. Conclusion. The impact of vaccination on immune response must be recognized as it will impact test interpretation and diagnostic algorithms.

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