Nasopharyngeal Profile and Velopharyngeal Valve Mechanism

Finkelstein, Yehuda; Lerner, M. A.; Ophir, Dov; Nachmani, Ariela; Hauben, Daniel J.; Zohar, Yuval

doi:10.1097/00006534-199309001-00008

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The raters discussed the videos and used published definitions based on amount of structural movement 1,4 for determining closure type. The training session included 10 videos among the varied closure types, with the exception of circular with Passavant’s ridge because no samples of this closure pattern type were available.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,4 Finally, a soft tissue pad can be observed anterior to the tubercle of the atlas in patients with a Passavant’s ridge. 1,3,4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…1,3,4 These studies hypothesize that velopharyngeal closure patterns are a result of particular anatomic parameters. Closure patterns could be determined based on a set of anatomic features unique to each respective closure pattern.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, the coronal closure pattern is related to a wide and flat oropharynx, increased transverse pharyngeal diameter, decreased posterior pharyngeal wall thickness, and a shorter anteroposterior diameter (posterior nasal spine to the posterior pharyngeal wall) compared to other closure patterns. 1,3,4 The circular closure patterns are associated with medial movement of the pharyngeal walls and a deep oropharynx. 1,3,4 A greater anteroposterior pharyngeal diameter, shorter transverse pharyngeal diameter, and a slope in the lateral pharyngeal walls toward the posterior pharyngeal walls are also observed in circular closure patterns.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,4 The circular closure patterns are associated with medial movement of the pharyngeal walls and a deep oropharynx. 1,3,4 A greater anteroposterior pharyngeal diameter, shorter transverse pharyngeal diameter, and a slope in the lateral pharyngeal walls toward the posterior pharyngeal walls are also observed in circular closure patterns. 1,3,4 Finally, a soft tissue pad can be observed anterior to the tubercle of the atlas in patients with a Passavant’s ridge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Examining Velopharyngeal Closure Patterns Based on Anatomic Variables

Jordan

Schenck²,

Ellis³

et al. 2017

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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The purpose of this study was to utilize three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to correlate velopharyngeal closure patterns with velopharyngeal anatomical structural characteristics. Thirty-eight participants (18 females and 20 males) between 19 and 32 years of age participated in the study. Participants were evaluated using MRI and nasopharyngoscopy to determine closure pattern type and their relationship to anatomical characteristics believed to influence velopharyngeal closure. Structural anatomical measures were completed in the vertical (nasopharyngeal length) and horizontal (nasopharyngeal width) planes. Anterior to posterior dimensions of pharyngeal depth, posterior pharyngeal wall thickness, velar length, effective velar length, and adenoid thickness were also completed. Velar length and adenoid thickness varied based on closure patterns, with coronal closure pattern demonstrating significantly larger values compared to circular closure pattern. There were no statistically significant differences for effective velar length, pharyngeal depth, nasopharyngeal length, posterior pharyngeal wall thickness, and nasopharyngeal width based on the type of closure pattern. Closure patterns varied by gender, with females demonstrating more circular closure patterns compared to males who demonstrated more coronal closure patterns. Nasopharyngeal length, velar length, and nasopharyngeal width also varied by gender, with males demonstrating significantly larger values compared to females. Statistically significant differences were observed in velopharyngeal anatomical structural measures and gender during evaluations of closure patterns. These preliminary findings indicate the length of the velum and thickness of the adenoids may have the greatest impact on velopharyngeal closure patterns.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,3,4 Finally, a soft tissue pad can be observed anterior to the tubercle of the atlas in patients with a Passavant’s ridge. 1,3,4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%