Nasal place assimilation and the perceptibility of place contrasts

Kawahara, Shigeto; Garvey, Kelly

doi:10.2478/opli-2014-0002

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Kawahara and Garvey (2014) provide evidence from an identification in noise paradigm that English place contrasts for nasals and stops are more confusable in pre-stop than word-final position. Comparing the two experiments reported in Kochetov and So (2007), one with final stops at the ends of isolated words and the other with a following consonant-initial context, suggests the same conclusion.…”

Section: Contrast and Positional Neutralizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Kawahara and Garvey (2014) test this directly for English speakers with both similarity judgments and identification in noise: nasal place is less perceptible than oral-stop place in both domain-final and preconsonantal position. Similarity measures derived from raw confusion matrices in English (Woods et al, 2010) and Dutch (Pols, 1983) show that nasals differing in place are more confusable than stops differing in place in both initial prevocalic and domain-final position.…”

Section: Contrast and Positional Neutralizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Hip-hop rhymes reiterate phonological typology

Katz

2015

Lingua

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In this paper, we analyze a database of rhymes from African-American English hip-hop. The analysis shows that rappers possess detailed implicit knowledge about speech sounds that is largely irrelevant to the sound pattern of their particular language, but has been argued to play a role in constraining possible sound systems across all human languages. We argue that rhyme data are related to phonological typology because many phonological patterns involve the neutralization of contrasts in contexts where they are less perceptible, and rhyme involves implicit judgments of perceptual similarity between sounds. The general finding is that sounds are more likely to mismatch in a rhyme in those contexts where the contrast between the sounds is more likely to neutralize cross-linguistically, even though the contrasts studied here do not neutralize in these contexts in English. The results contribute to the evidence for detailed implicit phonetic knowledge and bear on the issue of synchronic explanation in linguistic theory.

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Section: Contrast and Positional Neutralizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Contrast and Positional Neutralizationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Hip-hop rhymes reiterate phonological typology

Katz

2015

Lingua

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“…Typological patterns are consistent with this prediction: targets of assimilation commonly occur in typologically weak positions (word-final/coda/preconsonantal) while triggers tend to occur in strong positions (word-initial/onset/prevocalic) (see e.g. Ohala & Ohala 1993;Beddor & Evans-Romaine 1995;Jun 1995Jun , 2011Boersma 1998;Kawahara & Garvey 2014).…”

Section: Assimilationmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Message Shapes Phonology

Ab¹,

Hall²,

Jaeger³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Based on a diverse and complementary set of theoretical and empirical findings, we describe an approach to phonology in which sound patterns are shaped by the trade-off between biases supporting message transmission accuracy and resource cost. We refer to this approach as Message-Oriented Phonology. The evidence suggests that these biases influence the form of messages, defined with reference to a language's morphemes, words or higher levels of meaning, rather than influencing phonological categories directly. Integrating concepts from information theory and Bayesian inference with the existing body of phonological research, we propose a testable model of phonology that makes quantitative predictions. Moreover, we show that approaching language as a system of message transfer provides greater explanatory coverage of a diverse range of sound patterns.

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“…However, perceptual evidence regarding this asymmetry has been inconsistent, with some authors finding coronal salience to be high, while others found it low (Mohr & Wang 1968, Pols 1983, Winters 2001, 2003, Hura et al 1992, Wang & Fillmore 1961, Singh & Black 1966, Kochetov & So 2007, Kochetov & Pouplier 2008. Such inconsistent results are partly attributed to various experimental conditions, including the number of talkers in the stimuli (one vs. multiple talkers), the structure of stimuli (isolated syllable vs. clusters), the treatment of the release burst (absence vs. presence of the burst), and listening conditions (see Winters 2001, Kawahara & Garvey 2014.…”

Section: Chapter Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Relationship between perceptual accuracy and information measures: A cross-linguistic study

Kang

Johnson

2016

Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

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Relationship between perceptual accuracy and information measures: A cross-linguistic study by Shinae Kang Doctor of Philosophy in LinguisticsUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Keith A. Johnson, ChairThe current dissertation studies how the information conveyed by different speech elements of English, Japanese and Korean correlates with perceptual accuracy. Two wellestablished information measures are used: weighted negative contextual predictability (informativity) of a speech element; and the contribution of a speech element to syllable differentiation, or functional load. This dissertation finds that the correlation between information and perceptual accuracy differs depending on both the type of information measure and the language of the listener.To compute the information measures, Chapter 2 introduces a new corpus consisting of all the possible syllables for each of the three languages. The chapter shows that the two information measures are inversely correlated.In Chapters 3 and 4, two perception experiments in audio-only and audiovisual modalities, respectively, are described. The experiments adopt a forced-choice-identification paradigm. In both experiments, subjects listened to VC.CV stimuli composed of spliced VC and CV chunks, and they were asked to identify the CC sequence. Multiple statistical models are constructed to predict the perceptual accuracy of a CC stop cluster from the associated information measures of relevant speech elements in the listeners' languages.The estimated models show that high informativity has a generally negative effect on the perceptual accuracy of stops. Functional load shows less consistent correlations with perceptual accuracy across different model specifications, but generally has a positive effect on the perceptual accuracy.In addition, Japanese listeners show highly consistent results across the two experiments and different model specifications. This contrasts with less consistent results for English and Korean listeners.The current dissertation provides the first empirical evidence for a significant relationship between informativity and functional load, and between the information measures of speech elements and their perceptual accuracy. Furthermore, it reveals how listeners' native 2 languages affect that relationship, and how the cross-linguistic variation of that relationship may be related to the characteristics of individual languages such as their syllable structures.

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Nasal place assimilation and the perceptibility of place contrasts

Abstract: Typological studies of place assimilation show that nasal consonants are more likely to assimilate in place than oral stops

Cited by 10 publications

References 48 publications

Hip-hop rhymes reiterate phonological typology

Hip-hop rhymes reiterate phonological typology

The Message Shapes Phonology

Relationship between perceptual accuracy and information measures: A cross-linguistic study

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