Nasal Inflammatory Mediator Release in Ragweed Allergic Rhinitis: Correlation with Cellular Influx into Nasal Secretions

Abstract

Lipid-derived mediators are found in nasal secretions during the early and late phase of allergic responses. To explore this early response further, concentrations of inflammatory mediators were measured along with characterization of specific cell influx during dose-dependent ragweed challenges. Ten allergic rhinitis subjects underwent two unilateral nasal lavages using 3-fold concentrations of short ragweed antigen. Low doses of ragweed (0.016–0.114 units Amb a I) did not provoke cell influx (1 of 18 challenges), whereas moderate doses (0.432–1.3 units Amb a I) induced cell influxes in 7 of 18 and at high doses in 8 of 17 challenges (3.39–11.7 units Amb a I). The differential of the cellular influx was > 50% neutrophils in 7 challenges; > 50% eosinophils in 3, and a mixed pattern in 6. There was a significant association between the dose of antigen and the level of prostaglandin D₂ (PGD₂), leukotrienes (LTs) C₄, D₄ and E₄. Challenges with an eosinophilic influx tended to be associated with higher concentrations of mediators than neutrophilic influxes. Similar to the immediate skin response, the early allergic response in the nose demonstrated a cell influx with release of PGD₂, LTsC₄, D₄ and E₄. Nasal cellular inflammation therefore can occur within minutes of allergen exposure.

Positive allergen reaction in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: a systematic review

“…The nasal allergen reaction was subanalyzed by refined definitions of AR and NAR. Studies were screened for a more stringent criterion to define AR and NAR patients. Stringent criteria for AR population was defined as symptoms of rhinitis with strong positive results on SPT (wheal diameter of more than 5 mm) or high level of serum sIgE (more than class 3).…”

Effect of Fluticasone propionate Aqueous Nasal Spray Treatment onPlatelet Activating Factor and Eicosanoid Production By nasal Mucosain Patients with A house Dust Mite Allergy

“…Previous reports of studies with patients allergic to grass pollen and ragweed described a correlation between LTC4/D4/E and POD2 . 23,45 We also found a significant correlation between the release of LTC4/D4/E4 and PAF with the symptom score at the time point of challenge, but not between the release of PGD2 and the symptom score. However, Lebel et al"3 who studied patients with a grass pollen allergy observed that the release of PGD was well correlated with the symptom score.…”

Leukotrienes, leukotriene receptor antagonists, and rhinitis

“…A number of studies have shown release of cysteinyl LTs into nasal lavage fluid during the early‐phase response to an allergen challenge ( 12–17), and one study has also shown release of LTB 4 ( 13). The release of LTC 4 peaks at 10 min after challenge ( 12, 13).…”