Nasal Deformity in Subjects with Class III Facial Deformities

Abstract

SUMMARY: Dentofacial deformities present some shades and variations that determine the inclusion of different anatomical components as part of the disease; the aim of this study was to ascertain the nasal characteristics in patients with a Class III dentofacial deformity. A descriptive study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with a Class III facial deformity and a surgical indication; frontal and lateral as well as CT images were taken to analyze variables of nasal morphology and deformities associated with the nasal bridge, tip and septum. The results showed that the nasal angles are outside normal parameters and that the basal width of the nose is approximately 3 mm smaller than the intercanthal width; 45% of the subjects have lateral deviations, 50% bridge deformity and 80% septum deviation. It is concluded that there are nasal deformities in subjects with a Class III facial deformity and that this component must be carefully evaluated in the preoperative stage.

Nasal characteristics in patients with asymmetric mandibular prognathism

“…19 When there are facial deformities, the maxilla and mandible are frequently involved, so it is to be expected that in such a case the nose is also a component in the deformity. 4 In this study, a large amount of nasal asymmetry was detected in patients presenting with asymmetric mandibular prognathism. This is consistent with the finding of Olate et al that almost 50% of the patients with Class III dentofacial deformities also present with nasal deformities.…”

“…This is consistent with the finding of Olate et al that almost 50% of the patients with Class III dentofacial deformities also present with nasal deformities. 4 By measuring various components of the nose, we showed that significant nasal tip deviation and nostril asymmetry are present in asymmetric mandibular prognathism patients. As the patients usually pay more attention to their facial appearance after surgery, information on preexisting nasal asymmetry should be provided to patients with mandibular chin deviation.…”

“…It has also been reported that nasal asymmetry, including nasal bridge and alar base deviation; perioral asymmetry, including lip-line cant; and philtrum deviation accompany asymmetric mandibular prognathism. 4,5 Orthognathic surgery is a recognized method of correcting dentofacial deformities. It is common practice to treat problems that affect the chin simultaneously, while deferring or not treating nasal deformities.…”

“…Commonly used soft tissue nasal measurements include (1) direct anthropometric measurements by rulers or calipers, 7 (2) photogrammetric measurements, 4,8 (3) optical measurements, 9 (4) three-dimensional (3D) photos or computed tomographic (CT) measurements. 4 The accuracy of direct measurements largely relies on the clinician's skill. Facial photographic analysis, which assesses changes to the nose from 2D images, can be erroneous.…”

Inclinación de Incisivos Maxilares en Sujetos con Deformidad Facial de Clase III: Opciones en Cirugía Primero

“…Recientes investigaciones han demostrado que esta anomalía se relaciona con alteraciones nasales significativas (Olate et al, 2014;Olate et al, 2015), alteraciones en posición de sínfisis (Velásquez et al, 2015) y alteraciones en ATM (Muñoz et al, 2014a;Muñoz et al, 2014b;Goulart et al, 2015); sin duda, estas condiciones determinan la necesidad de realizar tratamientos quirúrgicos mediante cirugía ortognática y cirugía ortofacial, lo cual exige tradicionalmente el empleo de ortodoncia en las diferentes fases del tratamiento.…”