Nasal Cytokine Production In Viral Acute Upper Respiratory Infection Of Childhood

Noah, Terry L.; Henderson, Frederick W.; Wortman, Ivo; Devlin, Robert B.; Handy, Jean; Koren, Hillel S.; Becker, Susanne

doi:10.1093/infdis/171.3.584

Cited by 244 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Disease, lung inflammatory changes and cytokine secretion were interrelated and clearly virus dose-dependent. Comparable high amounts of TNF-α and IL-6, next to IL-1β and IL-8 have been found in nasal secretions and superficial mucosal biopsies in RSV-infected infants and children [80,91]. Further evidence for a role of TNF-α and IL-6 in acute RSV infections comes from a patient study in which higher IL-6: TNF-α ratios in nasopharyngeal secretions are correlated with the lower severities of the disease [61].…”

Section: Cytokines In Viral Respiratory Diseases Of Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory cytokines and viral respiratory disease in pigs

2000

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-Swine influenza virus (SIV), porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) are enzootic viruses causing pulmonary infections in pigs. The first part of this review concentrates on known clinical and pathogenetic features of these infections. SIV is a primary respiratory pathogen; PRCV and PRRSV, on the contrary, tend to cause subclinical infections if uncomplicated but they appear to be important contributors to multifactorial respiratory diseases. The exact mechanisms whereby these viruses cause symptoms and pathology, however, remain unresolved. Classical studies of pathogenesis have revealed different lung cell tropisms and replication kinetics for each of these viruses and they suggest the involvement of different lung inflammatory responses or mediators. The proinflammatory cytokines interferon-α (IFN-α), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) have been shown to play key roles in several respiratory disease conditions. The biological effects of these cytokines and their involvement in human viral respiratory disease are discussed in the second part of this review. The third part summarises studies that were recently undertaken in the authors' laboratory to investigate the relationship between respiratory disease in pigs and bioactive lung lavage levels of IFN-α, TNF-α and IL-1 during single and combined infections with the above viruses. In single SIV infections, typical signs of swine "flu" were tightly correlated with an excessive and coordinate production of the 3 cytokines examined. PRCV or PRRSV infections, in contrast, were subclinical and did not induce production of all 3 cytokines. Combined infections with these 2 subclinical respiratory viruses failed to potentiate disease or cytokine production. After combined inoculation with PRCV followed by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, both clinical respiratory disease and TNF-α/IL-1 production were markedly more severe than those associated with the respective single inoculations. Taken together, these data are the first to demonstrate that proinflammatory cytokines can be important mediators of viral respiratory diseases in pigs. respiratory coronavirus, PRCV), et le virus du syndrome dysgénésique et respiratoire porcin (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, PRRSV) sont des virus enzootiques provoquant des infections pulmonaires chez le porc. Les caractéristiques cliniques et pathogénétiques de ces infections sont données dans la première partie de cette revue. Le SIV est un agent pathogène respiratoire primaire ; les PRCV et PRRSV, en revanche, ne causent que des infections subcliniques en l'absence de complications, mais ils contribuent de manière importante aux maladies respiratoires multifactorielles. Cependant, les mécanismes précis par lesquels ces virus provoquent des symptômes et une pathologie demeurent inconnus. Les études classiques de pathogenèse ont révélé un tropisme pour les cellules pulmonaires et des cinétiques de réplication différents pour...

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Section: Cytokines In Viral Respiratory Diseases Of Humansmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proinflammatory cytokines and viral respiratory disease in pigs

2000

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“…2 IL-8 contributes to the activation and migration of neutrophils that characterize the inflammatory infiltrates seen in the airways of affected individuals. 3,4 IL-8 is present in nasal secretion 5 and tracheal aspirate 6 samples from patients with RSV infection. Moreover, the concentration of IL-8 transcript in nasopharyngeal secretions from affected infants is significantly associated with disease severity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased in vivo transcription of an IL-8 haplotype associated with respiratory syncytial virus disease-susceptibility

et al. 2004

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“…The appearance of these cytokine activities in nasopharyngeal secretion in viral acute upper respiratory infection, including RSV, has also been reported [13,14]. However, the kinetics underlying production of such cytokines in macrophages of young infants with RSV infection have not yet been fully defined, partly because of the difficulty in obtaining airway cell samples from young infants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytokine production by neonatal macrophages

Tsutsumi

Matsuda

Sone

et al. 1996

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SUMMARYThe induction of immunoregulatory cytokines IL-1 , IL-6, IL-12, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-) and interferon-gamma (IFN-) was studied with neonatal (cord blood) monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) after in vitro infection with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The expression of mRNAs for these cytokines in RSV-infected MDM was examined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The activities of these cytokines were assayed by ELISA. Significant increase of expression of mRNA for IL-6, IL-12, TNF-and IFN-occurred within 2 h after infection and decreased within 6 h after infection. At 20 h after infection the MDM produced and secreted moderate levels of IL-6 and TNF-; however, no IL-12 and IFN-activities were detected. Moderate IL-1 mRNA was expressed before RSV infection, and its expression increased at 2 h after infection. However, no detectable IL-1 was secreted in culture fluids. These observations suggest that RSVinfected neonatal macrophages produce and secrete IL-6 and TNF-quickly during the eclipse phase of RSV infection and therefore may play a prominent role in the initiation of the immune response to RSV.

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Nasal Cytokine Production In Viral Acute Upper Respiratory Infection Of Childhood

Cited by 244 publications

References 29 publications

Proinflammatory cytokines and viral respiratory disease in pigs

Proinflammatory cytokines and viral respiratory disease in pigs

Increased in vivo transcription of an IL-8 haplotype associated with respiratory syncytial virus disease-susceptibility

Respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytokine production by neonatal macrophages

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