“…The mission manager coordinates all of the various sub-systems on the spacecraft, such as life support, thermal, communications, and power to best achieve the desired mission objectives given operational constraints. A simple version of this architecture has been demonstrated on the NASA Habitat Demonstration Unit [1], [2] and work towards developing a prototype for interfacing with an autonomous power system is currently ongoing [3]. Further complicating the picture is that many proposed future spacecraft are actually This work was funded by the NASA Advanced Exploration Systems Project's Modular Power Systems Task.…”
In order to enable manned deep-space missions, the spacecraft must be controlled autonomously using on-board algorithms. A control architecture is proposed to enable this autonomous operation for an spacecraft electric power system and then implemented using a highly distributed network of software agents. These agents collaborate and compete with each other in order to implement each of the control functions. A subset of this control architecture is tested against a steadystate power system simulation and found to be able to solve a constrained optimization problem with competing objectives using only local information.
“…The mission manager coordinates all of the various sub-systems on the spacecraft, such as life support, thermal, communications, and power to best achieve the desired mission objectives given operational constraints. A simple version of this architecture has been demonstrated on the NASA Habitat Demonstration Unit [1], [2] and work towards developing a prototype for interfacing with an autonomous power system is currently ongoing [3]. Further complicating the picture is that many proposed future spacecraft are actually This work was funded by the NASA Advanced Exploration Systems Project's Modular Power Systems Task.…”
In order to enable manned deep-space missions, the spacecraft must be controlled autonomously using on-board algorithms. A control architecture is proposed to enable this autonomous operation for an spacecraft electric power system and then implemented using a highly distributed network of software agents. These agents collaborate and compete with each other in order to implement each of the control functions. A subset of this control architecture is tested against a steadystate power system simulation and found to be able to solve a constrained optimization problem with competing objectives using only local information.
“…Subsequently adopted and popularised by NASA for the purposes of space systems development, HSI is characterized by combining elements of human factors and HCI, placing focus on a holistic consideration of human capabilities and limitations in designing, implementing, and operating hardware and software [20,22,45]. Such practice is typically guided by concurrent assessments of mission-critical elements in an analogue environment providing a representative operational context [58].…”
Future crewed missions to the Moon will face significant environmental and operational challenges, posing risks to the safety and performance of astronauts navigating its inhospitable surface. Whilst head-up displays (HUDs) have proven effective in providing intuitive navigational support on Earth, the design of novel humanspaceflight solutions typically relies on costly and time-consuming analogue deployments, leaving the potential use of lunar HUDs largely under-explored. This paper explores an alternative approach by simulating navigational HUD concepts in a high-fidelity Virtual Reality (VR) representation of the lunar environment. In evaluating these concepts with astronauts and other aerospace experts (n=25), our mixed methods study demonstrates the efficacy of simulated analogues in facilitating rapid design assessments of early-stage HUD solutions. We illustrate this by elaborating key design challenges and guidelines for future lunar HUDs. In reflecting on the limitations of our approach, we propose directions for future design exploration of human-machine interfaces for the Moon.
“…Some of the designs that are closest to a potentially operational base are the HESTIA habitat at JSC from the Gemini-era [102], the Habitat Demonstration Unit [103,104] that was used during the 2011 field season of the Desert RATS [105] and is now in use for multi-week simulations under the name ‘HERA’ [106], and the Moon and Mars Base Analog (MaMBA, figure 2 and [107]), whose first module has recently been tested for usability at the ZARM in Bremen and which is expected to be expanded soon. Figure 2Artistic rendering of what a (part of a) Moon Village could look like: a habitat under a radiation shield in the centre, small rovers roaming the surface autonomously, a small telescope in the background on the left, and solar panels to supply everything with electricity.…”
Section: Support Infrastructuresmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, it is important to note that the vast majority of these habitats are designed for simulation purposes only, and are often not intended to function as a prototype of an actual extraterrestrial habitat. Some of the designs that are closest to a potentially operational base are the HESTIA habitat at JSC from the Gemini-era [102], the Habitat Demonstration Unit [103,104] that was used during the 2011 field season of the Desert RATS [105] and is now in use for multi-week simulations under the name 'HERA' [106], and the Moon and Mars Base Analog (MaMBA, figure 2 and [107]), whose first module has recently been tested for usability at the ZARM in Bremen and which is expected to be expanded soon.…”
Section: (A) Human Habitats and Their Peripherymentioning
There is strong interest in lunar exploration from governmental space agencies, private companies and the public. NASA is about to send humans to the lunar surface again within the next few years, and ESA has proposed the concept of the Moon Village, with the goal of a sustainable human presence and activity on the lunar surface. Although construction of the infrastructure for this permanent human settlement is envisaged for the end of this decade by many, there is no definite mission plan yet. While this may be unsatisfactory for the impatient, this fact actually carries great potential: this is the optimal time to develop a forward-looking science input and influence mission planning. Based on data from recent missions (SMART-1, Kaguya, Chang’E, Chandrayaan-1 and LRO) as well as simulation campaigns (e.g. ILEWG EuroMoonMars), we provide initial input on how astronomy could be incorporated into a future Moon Village, and how the presence of humans (and robots) on the Moon could help deploy and maintain astronomical hardware.
This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Astronomy from the Moon: the next decades’.
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