Narrow Diameter Dental Implants as an Alternative Treatment for Atrophic Alveolar Ridges. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

To determine the marginal bone loss and the survival, success and failure rates of narrow dental implants, a systematic literature search was carried out in the MEDLINE (Pubmed), Cochrane, Scopus, and Scielo databases for articles published between 2010 and 2021. The exclusion criteria were: systematic reviews, case reports, expert opinions; animal studies; samples of less than 10 subjects; follow-up periods of less than 36 months; smokers of minimum 10 cigarettes/day; and articles about mini-implants for orthodontic anchorage. Meta-analyses were performed to assess marginal bone loss and implant survival, success, and failure rates. Fifteen studies were included: 7 clinical trials, 3 randomized clinical trials, 3 cohort studies, and 2 case series. The total number of subjects was 773, in whom 1245 implants were placed. The survival rate for the narrow diameter implants was 97%, the success rate 96.8%, and the failure rate 3%. Marginal bone loss was 0.821 mm. All these data were evaluated at 36 months. Based on the literature, it can be considered that there is sufficient evidence to consider small diameter implants a predictable treatment option. These show favorable survival and success rates and marginal bone loss. All of them are comparable to those of standard diameter dental implants.

Mini-Implants Retaining Removable Partial Dentures in Subjects without Posterior Teeth: A 5-Year Prospective Study Comparing the Maxilla and the Mandible

“…A sample size calculation was based on the primary outcomes (peri-implant bone level changes, success, and survival rates of mini-implants) based on previously reported data for the mean MBL change in mandibular overdentures, which were retained by four MDIs [ 16 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ].…”

Biological properties of Cu-bearing and Ag-bearing titanium-based alloys and their surface modifications: A review of antibacterial aspect

“…Ti-45Zr has the optimum strength/elastic modulus ratio and osteogenic activity, which would be advantageous for reducing the fracture risk of implant materials (Ou et al, 2021). Due to these properties, Ti-Zr alloys are suitable for making narrow dental implants (NDIs), which are an alternative treatment when there is insufficient bone for regular implants (Gonzalez-Valls et al, 2021).…”

Factores que inciden sobre el éxito y/o fracaso de mini-implantes en ortodoncia: una revisión sistemática exploratoria

“…El uso de los mini-implantes se ha incrementado sustancialmente y se logra evidenciar en estudios realizados en Estados Unidos y Suiza en donde un 70% a 91% de los ortodontistas los ha utilizado en su práctica profesional o durante sus estudios de posgrado 10 . Adicionalmente, se ha calculado una tasa de éxito clínico superior al 75% en múltiples estudios realizados en seres humanos [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] . En cuanto a la tasa de fracaso, que representa el restante 10-25%, los factores que lo ocasionan son modificables como: el diámetro y tipo de mini-implante usado, lugar de colocación, técnica de inserción, experiencia del operador y factores no modificables como edad del paciente, espesor del hueso cortical, edema de tejidos circundantes, condiciones sistémicas, entre otros 17 .…”

“…Según los reportes de la literatura, los riesgos y complicaciones más frecuentes de la inserción de mini-implante: la fractura del dispositivo (principal complicación), daño a estructuras anatómicas como raíces dentarias o estructuras nerviosas, irritación local con o sin sobreinfección como mucositis y peri implantitis, penetración en las fosas nasales o en el seno maxilar, rechazo del dispositivo, dolor durante la colocación, desplazamiento del mini-implante durante la mecánica, dolor durante la masticación [11][12][13] . Durante el movimiento dentario es poco frecuente la lesión sobre las raíces y gracias al reducido tamaño, los mini-implantes pueden ser colocados entre ellas 14,15 .…”