Narratives of focal brain injured individuals: A macro-level analysis

Karaduman, Ayşenur; Göksun, Tilbe; Chatterjee, Anjan

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.03.027

Cited by 18 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(156 reference statements)

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“…The total number of utterances, words, nouns, and verbs as well as the mean length of utterances (MLU) were coded for each participant to examine the general characteristics of their discourse production (for the details of narrative coding, see Karaduman et al, 2017, Appendix A-B). Narrative complexity as formulated by Berman and Slobin (1994) was coded based on the presence of three main plot components; plot onset, plot unfolding and plot resolution with an additional coding for the search theme to assess the extent to which participants understood the theme of the story (see Appendix A).…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The narratives of the participants were also coded with respect to evaluation based on a scheme Karaduman et al (2017) created, which is informed by Reilly et al (2004), Küntay and Nakamura (2004), and Bamberg and Damrad-Fyre (1991). Subcategories of this scheme were as follows: cognitive inferences, social engagement devices, references to affective states or behaviors, enrichment expressions and hedges.…”

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Narratives are organized typically around the actions of agents and can be evaluated at both micro- and macro-linguistic levels (Karaduman, Göksun, & Chatterjee, 2017). Micro-linguistic level refers to the analysis of lexical and grammatical properties of a sentence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Karaduman et al, 2017), fewer motion sentences (Göksun et al, 2015), and they use more indefinite words (Ulatowska, North, & Macaluso-Haynes, 1981). The results are more complicated regarding their macro-linguistic abilities (see Andreetta, Cantagallo, & Marini, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent paper, Karaduman, Göksun, and Chatterjee (2017) investigated micro-linguistic and macro-linguistic abilities of people with LHD and RHD. They found that the LHD group had problems maintaining the story theme and used fewer evaluative devices than the neurotypical control group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between co-speech gesture production and macrolinguistic discourse abilities in people with focal brain injury

et al. 2018

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Brain damage is associated with linguistic deficits and might alter co-speech gesture production. Gesture production after focal brain injury has been mainly investigated with respect to intrasentential rather than discourse-level linguistic processing. In this study, we examined 1) spontaneous gesture production patterns of people with left hemisphere damage (LHD) or right hemisphere damage (RHD) in a narrative setting, 2) the neural structures associated with deviations in spontaneous gesture production in these groups, and 3) the relationship between spontaneous gesture production and discourse level linguistic processes (narrative complexity and evaluation competence). Individuals with LHD or RHD (17 people in each group) and neurotypical controls (n = 13) narrated a story from a picture book. Results showed that increase in gesture production for LHD individuals was associated with less complex narratives and lesions of individuals who produced more gestures than neurotypical individuals overlapped in frontal-temporal structures and basal ganglia. Co-speech gesture production of RHD individuals positively correlated with their evaluation competence in narrative. Lesions of RHD individuals who produced more gestures overlapped in the superior temporal gyrus and the inferior parietal lobule. Overall, LHD individuals produced more gestures than neurotypical individuals. The groups did not differ in their use of different gesture forms except that LHD individuals produced more deictic gestures per utterance than RHD individuals and controls. Our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that co-speech gesture production interacts with macro-linguistic levels of discourse and this interaction is affected by the hemispheric lateralization of discourse abilities.

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Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Materials and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship between co-speech gesture production and macrolinguistic discourse abilities in people with focal brain injury

et al. 2018

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Temporal organization of narrative recall is present but attenuated in adults with hippocampal amnesia

Evans,

Clough,

Duff

et al. 2024

Hippocampus

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Studies of the impact of brain injury on memory processes often focus on the quantity and episodic richness of those recollections. Here, we argue that the organization of one's recollections offers critical insights into the impact of brain injury on functional memory. It is well‐established in studies of word list memory that free recall of unrelated words exhibits a clear temporal organization. This temporal contiguity effect refers to the fact that the order in which word lists are recalled reflects the original presentation order. Little is known, however, about the organization of recall for semantically rich materials, nor how recall organization is impacted by hippocampal damage and memory impairment. The present research is the first study, to our knowledge, of temporal organization in semantically rich narratives in three groups: (1) Adults with bilateral hippocampal damage and severe declarative memory impairment, (2) adults with bilateral ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) damage and no memory impairment, and (3) demographically matched non‐brain‐injured comparison participants. We find that although the narrative recall of adults with bilateral hippocampal damage reflected the temporal order in which those narratives were experienced above chance levels, their temporal contiguity effect was significantly attenuated relative to comparison groups. In contrast, individuals with vmPFC damage did not differ from non‐brain‐injured comparison participants in temporal contiguity. This pattern of group differences yields insights into the cognitive and neural systems that support the use of temporal organization in recall. These data provide evidence that the retrieval of temporal context in narrative recall is hippocampal‐dependent, whereas damage to the vmPFC does not impair the temporal organization of narrative recall. This evidence of limited but demonstrable organization of memory in participants with hippocampal damage and amnesia speaks to the power of narrative structures in supporting meaningfully organized recall despite memory impairment.

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Going off the rails: Impaired coherence in the speech of patients with semantic control deficits

2020

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The ability to speak coherently, maintaining focus on the topic at hand, is critical for effective communication and is commonly impaired following brain damage. Recent data suggests that executive processes that regulate access to semantic knowledge (i.e., semantic control) are critical for maintaining coherence during speech. To test this hypothesis, we assessed speech coherence in a case-series of stroke patients who exhibited deficits in semantic control. Patients were asked to speak about a series of topics and their responses were analysed using computational linguistic methods to derive measures of their global coherence (the degree to which they spoke about the topic given) and local coherence (the degree to which they maintained a topic from one utterance to the next). Compared with age-matched controls, patients showed severe impairments to global coherence but not to local coherence. Global coherence was strongly correlated with the patients’ performance on tests of semantic control, with greater semantic control deficits associated with poorer ability to maintain global coherence. Other aspects of speech production were also impaired but were not significantly correlated with semantic control deficits. These results suggest that semantic control deficits give rise to speech that is poorly regulated at the macrolinguistic “message” level. The preservation of local coherence in the patients suggests that automatic activation of semantic associations is relatively intact, such that each utterance they produce is connected meaningfully to the next. However, in the absence of control processes to constrain semantic activation, the content of their speech becomes increasingly distant from the original topic of discourse. This study is the first to investigate the impact of semantic control impairments on speech production at the discourse level and suggests that patients with these impairments are likely to have difficulties maintaining coherence in conversation.

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Narratives of focal brain injured individuals: A macro-level analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 69 publications

The relationship between co-speech gesture production and macrolinguistic discourse abilities in people with focal brain injury

The relationship between co-speech gesture production and macrolinguistic discourse abilities in people with focal brain injury

Temporal organization of narrative recall is present but attenuated in adults with hippocampal amnesia

Going off the rails: Impaired coherence in the speech of patients with semantic control deficits

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