Naringin and Naringenin: Their Mechanisms of Action and the Potential Anticancer Activities

Stabrauskiene, Jolita; Kopustinskienė, Dalia M.; Lažauskas, Robertas; Bernatonienė, Jurga

doi:10.3390/biomedicines10071686

Cited by 103 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…For instance, quercetin was shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer’s, and anticancer activities [ 35 ] [ 36 ]. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo studies of the naringenin compound have claimed its strong association with the suppression of cancer progression [ 37 ]. Furthermore, a recent report also proved multiple activities of rutin toward inflammation, oxidation, and thrombosis [ 38 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Characterization and Efficacy of Artemisia judaica Extract Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as Inhibitors of Cancer Proliferation and Microbial Growth

et al. 2023

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Despite the advanced development in the field of drug discovery and design, fighting infectious and non-infectious diseases remains a major worldwide heath challenge due to the limited activity of currently used drugs. Nevertheless, in recent years, the approach of designing nanoparticles for therapeutic applications has gained more interest and promise for future use. Thus, the current study is focused on the evaluation of A. judaica extract and chitosan nanoparticles loaded extract (CNPsLE) for potential antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The HPLC analysis of the extract has shown the presence of various phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including kaempferol (3916.34 µg/mL), apigenin (3794.32 µg/mL), chlorogenic acid (1089.58 µg/mL), quercetin (714.97 µg/mL), vanillin (691.55 µg/mL), naringenin (202.14 µg/mL), and rutin (55.64 µg/mL). The extract alone showed higher MIC values against B. subtilis, E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, and C. albicans (62.5, 15.65, 15.62, 31.25, and 31.25 µg/mL, respectively), whereas lower MIC values were observed when the extract was combined with CNPsLE (0.97, 1.95, 3.9, 4.1, and 15.62 µg/mL, respectively). The extract exhibited low cytotoxicity against normal Vero cells with IC50 173.74 µg/mL in comparison with the cytotoxicity of the CNPsLE (IC50, 73.89 µg/mL). However, CNPsLE showed more selective toxicity against the human prostate cancer cell line (PC3) with IC50 of 20.8 µg/mL than the extract alone with 76.09 µg/mL. In the docking experiments, kaempferol and apigenin were revealed to be suitable inhibitors for prostate cancer (2Q7L). Overall, the obtained data highlighted the promising potential therapeutic use of CNPsLE as an anticancer and antimicrobial agent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Characterization and Efficacy of Artemisia judaica Extract Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as Inhibitors of Cancer Proliferation and Microbial Growth

et al. 2023

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“…Additionally, ellagic acid is a tannin and has been reported to have antitumor properties [ 64 ]. Naringenin is a flavanone that has been reported to have antitumor properties [ 65 ]. Additionally, the flavonoid quercetin found in the leaves has been reported to have antitumor properties [ 38 ], and the isoflavone daidzein found in the stems has also been reported to have antitumor properties [ 66 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

2023

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Anti-tumor compounds from natural products are being investigated as possible alternatives for cancer chemotherapeutics that have serious adverse effects and tumor resistance. Calystegia silvatica was collected from the north coast of Egypt and extracted via methanol and n-hexane sub-fraction. The biologically active compounds of Calystegia silvatica were identified from the methanol and n-hexane extracts from the leaves and stems of the plant using GC-MS and HPLC. The antitumor properties of both parts of the plant were investigated against cancer and non-cancer cell lines using the MTT assay, and the IC50 in comparison to doxorubicin was calculated. The main compounds identified in the methanol extract were cis-vaccenic acid and trans-13-octadecenoic acid in the leaves and stems, respectively, and phenyl undecane and 3,7,11,15 tetramethyl-2-hexadeca-1-ol in the n-hexane extracts of the leaves and stems, respectively. Both parts of the plant contained fatty acids that have potential antitumor properties. The methanol extract from the stems of C. silvatica showed antitumor properties against HeLa, with an IC50 of 114 ± 5 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC50 of 137 ± 18 μg/mL and MCF7 with an IC50 of 172 ± 15 μg/mL, which were greater than Caco2, which had an IC50 of 353 ± 19 μg/mL, and HepG2, which had an IC50 of 236 ± 17 μg/mL. However, the leaf extract showed weak antitumor properties against all of the studied cancer cell lines (HeLa with an IC50 of 208 ± 13 μg/mL, PC3 with an IC50 of 336 ± 57 μg/mL, MCF7 with an IC50 of 324 ± 17 μg/mL, Caco2 with an IC50 of 682 ± 55 μg/mL and HepG2 with an IC50 of 593 ± 22 μg/mL). Neither part of the plant extract showed any cytotoxicity to the normal cells (WI38). Therefore, C. silvatica stems may potentially be used for the treatment of cervical, prostate and breast cancer.

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“…Naringenin is predominantly found in edible fruits such as Citrus species, tomatoes, and figs belonging to the Smyrna-type Ficus carica. Naringenin has the skeleton structure of a flavanone with three hydroxyl groups at the 4′, 5 and 7 carbons, a carbonyl group on the C ring, and a 5-OH group on the A ring, which are responsible for the antioxidant activity of naringenin [ 29 ].…”

Section: Flavonoids and The Mechanism Of Action Against High-grade Ad...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, numerous pre-clinical studies have suggested flavonoids as potential anti-cancer agents for high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas [ 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, a greater focus on flavonoids’ anti-high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma potential in targeting different molecules is needed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of its therapeutic effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Mechanism of Flavonoids on High-Grade Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas

2023

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High-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas are the most common and deadliest malignant adult tumors of the central nervous system. Despite the advancements in the multimodality treatment of high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas, the five-year survival rates still remain poor. The biggest challenge in treating high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas is the intra-tumor heterogeneity feature of the glioma tumors. Introducing dietary flavonoids to the current high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma treatment strategies is crucial to overcome this challenge, as flavonoids can target several molecular targets. This review discusses the anticancer mechanism of flavonoids (quercetin, rutin, chrysin, apigenin, naringenin, silibinin, EGCG, genistein, biochanin A and C3G) through targeting molecules associated with high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma cell proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest, migration, invasion, autophagy and DNA repair. In addition, the common molecules targeted by the flavonoids such as Bax, Bcl-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, caspase-8, caspase-3, p53, p38, Erk, JNK, p38, beclin-1 and LC3B were also discussed. Moreover, the clinical relevance of flavonoid molecular targets in high-grade adult-type diffuse gliomas is discussed with comparison to small molecules inhibitors: ralimetinib, AMG232, marimastat, hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine. Despite the positive pre-clinical results, further investigations in clinical studies are warranted to substantiate the efficacy and safety of the use of flavonoids on high-grade adult-type diffuse glioma patients.

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Naringin and Naringenin: Their Mechanisms of Action and the Potential Anticancer Activities

Cited by 103 publications

References 101 publications

Phytochemical Characterization and Efficacy of Artemisia judaica Extract Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as Inhibitors of Cancer Proliferation and Microbial Growth

Phytochemical Characterization and Efficacy of Artemisia judaica Extract Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles as Inhibitors of Cancer Proliferation and Microbial Growth

Phytochemical Analysis and Profiling of Antitumor Compounds of Leaves and Stems of Calystegia silvatica (Kit.) Griseb.

Anticancer Mechanism of Flavonoids on High-Grade Adult-Type Diffuse Gliomas

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