Naringenin Improves Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Asthma in Rats through Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects

Abstract

Asthma is a chronic disease with eosinophilic inflammation and oxidative damages leading to airway obstruction. Naringenin is a phytochemical possessing strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities against chronic destructive conditions. The current study is devoted to evaluating naringenin’s effects on the attenuation of inflammation and oxidative stress in lung tissue in a rat model of ovalbumin-induced asthma. Male Wistar rats were allocated to five groups of six: normal control (NC, receiving 1 ml/day of normal saline, orally), asthmatic (AS, receiving ovalbumin (1 mg/mL), and alum (1 mg/mL in saline) on days 0 and 14. Then, on days 21, 22, and 23, they were sensitized with the inhalation of ovalbumin), AS treated with dexamethasone (AS, 1 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + D1], AS treated with naringenin (20 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + N20], and AS treated with naringenin (40 mg/kg/day, orally) [AS + N40]. All the groups received associated drugs/agents for 28 days. Finally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue samples were taken off from the animals. The eosinophil count in BALF and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), interleukin-13 and -4 (IL-13 and IL-4) levels were measured. Besides, the expression of urocortin (UCN) and surfactant protein-D (SP-D) were evaluated in the lung tissue using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blotting methods, respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining were utilized to conduct histopathological analysis. Naringenin treatment significantly reduced MDA, remarkably increased GSH, and meaningfully reduced IL-4 and IL-13 levels in lung tissue. The count of eosinophils in the BALF of AS + N20 and AS + N40 was significantly reduced in comparison with the AS group. The UCN and SP-D protein levels were significantly decreased in the AS + N20 and AS + N40 groups compared to the AS group, using the IHC and western blot methods, respectively. Histopathological analysis data also confirm the results. Naringenin improves the symptoms of allergic asthma through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

In Silico Toxicity Prediction of Bioactive Compounds of Dioscorea alata L.

“…25 Naringenin chalcone also suppresses asthmatic symptoms by inhibiting Th2 cytokine production from CD4 T cells. 26 The last is a steroid (Diosgenin) known as the major compound of D. alata L. As an antioxidant, Diosgenin is known to have neuroprotective effects and to improve some aging-related deficits such as memory improvement. 27 Diosgenin, which is found in several plant species, is reported to be a promising bioactive biomolecule with diverse important medicinal properties, including hypolipidemic, hypoglycaemic, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anticancer, antiproliferative activities, and used in allergic diseases.…”

Naringenin ameliorates collagen‐induced arthritis through activating AMPK‐mediated autophagy in macrophages

“…40,41 It has shown preventive and therapeutic effects in experimental models of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. 42,43 However, the exact mechanism underlying the effects of Naringenin remains largely unknown. In our study, we explored the therapeutic potential of Naringenin in arthritis using CIA mice and assessed its potent pharmacological activity in suppressing macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.…”

“…Naringenin is a flavonoid compound widely found in plants with antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects 40,41 . It has shown preventive and therapeutic effects in experimental models of chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases 42,43 . However, the exact mechanism underlying the effects of Naringenin remains largely unknown.…”

Modeling the Effects of Cypermethrin Toxicity on Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Pneumonitis Rats: Macrophage Phenotype Differentiation and p38/STAT6 Signaling Are Candidate Targets of Pirfenidone Treatment

“…One pirfenidone tablet was dissolved in 4 mL CMC to obtain a final concentration of 50 mg/mL and was given in a dose of 100 mg/kg/d oral gavage for two weeks [ 10 ]. Two dexamethasone tablets were dissolved in 3 mL CMC to obtain a final concertation of 0.5 mg/mL and were given in a dose of 1 mg/kg/day orally for two weeks [ 12 ]. Ovalbumin (OVA) solution was prepared (emulsified in aluminum hydroxide (adjuvant)) as previously described by Tang et al [ 13 ] Both OVA (200 µg/mL) and aluminum hydroxide (40 mg/mL) were dissolved in normal saline, each per 1 mL saline; so, 1 mL solution contained 100 µg OVA and 20 mg Al(OH) 3.…”