Napping and Nighttime Sleep: Findings From an Occupation-Based Intervention

Abstract

OBJECTIVE. To describe sleeping behaviors and trends over time among an ethnically diverse group of community-living older adults. METHOD. A descriptive secondary data analysis of a subsample (n = 217) from the Lifestyle Redesign randomized controlled trial was done to explore baseline napping and sleeping patterns as well as 6-mo changes in these outcomes. RESULTS. At baseline, the average time sleeping was 8.2 hr daily (standard deviation = 1.7). Among all participants, 29% reported daytime napping at baseline, of which 36% no longer napped at follow-up. Among participants who stopped napping, those who received an occupation-based intervention (n = 98) replaced napping time with nighttime sleep, and those not receiving an intervention (n = 119) experienced a net loss of total sleep (p < .05). CONCLUSION. Among participants who stopped napping, the occupation-based intervention may be related to enhanced sleep. More research examining the role of occupation-based interventions in improving sleep is warranted.

Experience of sleep disruption in primary Sjögren’s syndrome: A focus group study

“…Sleep disruption in older adults impacts on quality of life, health and occupational engagement ( Leland et al., 2016 ). Interestingly, the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) recognises sleep as a core occupation, and further, call upon occupational therapists to support their patients with sleep hygiene to improve daily function ( American Occupational Therapy Association, 2014 ).…”

Occupational Therapy Practice in Sleep Management: A Review of Conceptual Models and Research Evidence

“…Coverage of existing services and types of intervention were reviewed systematically to build up knowledge for further discussion. Three of the studies were level I RCTs [ 21 , 23 , 26 ], one was a level II nonrandomized study [ 25 ], three were level III one-group nonrandomized pretest and posttest studies (Eakman et al 2016; [ 24 , 30 ]), two were level IV descriptive studies that included analysis of outcomes (case series) [ 28 , 29 ], and one was a level V case study [ 22 ]. Ten studies were from the United States, and one from Canada; no study on sleep intervention was published in an Asian country during the review period.…”

“…Sample size varies from two [ 28 , 30 ] to 217 [ 26 ], and participants' age ranges from 30 days to 82 years old. The influence of participant group in sleep management is diverse.…”

“…The diagnoses of participants include people with an autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) [ 22 , 27 , 29 , 30 ], traumatic brain injury (TBI) [ 28 ], and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Eakman et al 2016). Other study participants include community-dwelling elderly, adults with sleep problems [ 23 , 26 ], and in-patients [ 21 , 24 , 25 ]. Two studies focus on people with primary insomnia who had no medical or psychiatric problems, and whose insomnia was likely related to lifestyle and aging issues [ 23 , 26 ].…”

“…Other study participants include community-dwelling elderly, adults with sleep problems [ 23 , 26 ], and in-patients [ 21 , 24 , 25 ]. Two studies focus on people with primary insomnia who had no medical or psychiatric problems, and whose insomnia was likely related to lifestyle and aging issues [ 23 , 26 ].…”