Naphthenic Acids. II. Manufacture, Properties, and Uses.

Littmann, Edwin R.; Klotz, J. R. M.

doi:10.1021/cr60095a005

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The preparation and properties of naphthenic acids have been, presented by Gurwitsch and Moore (12), Ellis (8), Shipp (22) % and Littmann and Klotz (17). Hastings, Poliak, and Wafer (IS) describe the production and properties of tall oil, and West (26) gives an extensive annotated bibliography on the material.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on Fabrics

Marsh¹,

Greathousle²,

Bollenbacher³

et al. 1944

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on Fabrics

Marsh¹,

Greathousle²,

Bollenbacher³

et al. 1944

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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“…Oxygen-containing compounds in petroleum include alcohols, phenols, furans, carboxylic acids, ketones, quinones, esters, and compounds with multiple functional groups. − Phenols and carboxylic acids in petroleum are commonly known as petroleum acids. − Among them, naphthenic acids are the dominant petroleum acids, which have a detrimental effect on the quality and property of crude oil, causing a lot of operational and handling problems, such as corrosion and low thermal stability during oil exploitation, transportation, and production. , Naphthenic acids are also commonly used as chemicals for emulsifying/demulsifying agents, timber antiseptics, and paint-dying reagents …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5−7 Among them, naphthenic acids are the dominant petroleum acids, 6 which have a detrimental effect on the quality and property of crude oil, causing a lot of operational and handling problems, such as corrosion and low thermal stability during oil exploitation, transportation, and production. 5,8 Naphthenic acids are also commonly used as chemicals for emulsifying/demulsifying agents, timber antiseptics, and paint-dying reagents. 9 Research studies on petroleum acids started in 1925, 10 devoting efforts on isolating and analyzing acid compounds in crude oil.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Acidic Compounds in Heavy Petroleum Resid by Fractionation and Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Analysis

et al. 2013

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Negative-ion electrospray ionization (ESI) enabled the direct mass spectrographic analysis of phenols, naphthenic acids, and neutral nitrogen compounds in petroleum fractions without prefractionation; however, ESI results provide few quantitative and structural information about the analytes: the composition of acidic compounds in heavy oil, such as distillate resid, is still unclear. In this study, extrography was used to fractionate oilsands bitumen-derived vacuum-topped bitumen (VTB) and its maltene and asphaltene fractions into multiple subfractions. The molecular compositions of acidic functional compounds in the VTB and its subfractions were analyzed by negative-ion ESI Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Extrographic separation was a necessary step to isolate acidic compounds of various acidities and/or polarities in vacuum resid fractions to achieve a systematic analysis. The results showed that the O2 class species in VTB were highly condensed phenols and carboxylic acids. The maltene fraction contained most of the less condensed naphthenic acids, whereas the asphaltene fraction contained highly condensed carboxylic acids and phenolic compounds with a bouble-bond equivalent (DBE) higher than 6. The presence of acids had no significant impact on the yield of asphaltenes in n-C7 solvent precipitation. Acid-free asphaltene fractions, which account for more than 90 wt % of the asphaltenes, cannot be ionized by negative-ion ESI.

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Naphthenic Acids

Brient¹,

Wessner²,

Doyle

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Naphthenic acids are mixtures of naturally occurring cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids recovered from petroleum distillates. The acids are present in varying amounts in crude oil and are typically recovered by caustic extraction of petroleum distillates boiling in the 200–370°C range. Commercial naphthenic acids are sold in various grades of purity. This article is a compilation of information on their composition, occurrence, manufacture, analysis, and expanding uses and was collected from a review of the literature through mid‐1993. Particular attention is paid to recent analytical methods that elucidate the structure of the various components of this complex mixture. In addition to the traditional wood‐treating and paint drier applications for the metal naphthenate soaps, new derivatives such as naphthenate esters and amides with uses as lubricants, surfactants, and corrosion inhibitors are also emphasized. An extensive supplementary bibliography is included for more detailed discussion of the referenced material.

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Naphthenic Acids. II. Manufacture, Properties, and Uses.

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Copper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on Fabrics

Copper Soaps as Rot-Proofing Agents on Fabrics

Characterization of Acidic Compounds in Heavy Petroleum Resid by Fractionation and Negative-Ion Electrospray Ionization Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry Analysis

Naphthenic Acids

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