Naphthalene Toxicity in Clinical Practice

Pannu, Ashok Kumar; Singla, Vidhi

doi:10.2174/1389200220666191122110036

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Owing to their reduced glutathione stores, they are usually more prone to haemolysis than methaemoglobinaemia. 6 Other typical features of severe poisoning include prominent gastrointestinal symptoms through corrosive injury after acute ingestion, acute liver injury and acute kidney injury, the latter through direct toxicity, haemolysis, rhabdomyolysis and hypovolaemia. [1][2][3][4] Management of copper sulphate poisoning consists of supportive care and detoxification.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severe copper sulphate poisoning: A case rescued with plasmapheresis

et al. 2023

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Acute copper sulphate poisoning is associated with multi-organ failure and high mortality. Patients typically present with gastrointestinal symptoms, haemolysis, methaemoglobinaemia, acute liver injury, rhabdomyolysis and renal failure. Management is usually supportive, and the role of chelation therapy has not been established. Copper is not dialysable. Plasmapheresis has been shown to remove protein-bound copper, reducing plasma and intracellular concentrations. We present a case of severe copper sulphate poisoning, who did not improve with chelation therapy with D-penicillamine and supportive care, but with therapeutic plasma exchange (four cycles) showed rapid clinical recovery.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4] Methylene blue remains the antidote for methaemoglobinaemia. 6 Although clear evidence of a clinical benefit does not exist, chelating agents are commonly used in severe toxicity. D-penicillamine or dimercaprol are preferred agents, either singly or together, followed by dimercaprol and calcium disodium EDTA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe copper sulphate poisoning: A case rescued with plasmapheresis

et al. 2023

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“…Other antidotes used were folinic acid (leucovorin) for methotrexate overdose, N-acetyl cysteine for drug-induced acute liver failure (e.g., in yellow phosphorus, zinc phosphide, or methotrexate toxicity), Vitamin K for severe coagulopathy (e.g., in coumarin rodenticide toxicity), sodium bicarbonate for tricyclic antidepressant-related cardiac toxicity, and methylene blue or high-dose ascorbic acid for methemoglobinemia (e.g., in naphthalene toxicity). [ 22 23 24 ] Patients with corrosive ingestion, petroleum product ingestion or inhalation, and toxic gases exposure were treated with supportive care without steroids. [ 25 26 27 ] Endoscopy was performed for caustic ingestions, ideally within 12 h and preferably not later than 24–48 h of ingestion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing spectrum of acute poisoning in North India: A hospital-based descriptive study

et al. 2022

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OBJECTIVES: Evaluating local trends and continued monitoring of patterns of acute poisoning are essential for prompt recognition of the toxidromes, the establishment of immediate treatment facilities (e.g., antidote availability), and effective preventive strategies (e.g., governmental regulation on hazardous substances marketing). We aimed to describe the prevalence of the various types of poisoning and associated case fatality in our academic hospital in North India. METHODS: A prospective observational descriptive study was conducted, enrolling patients aged ≥13 years with acute poisoning for 17 months from December 2016 to December 2017 and from September 2019 to December 2019, for a total of 17 months. RESULTS: Four hundred and two patients were enrolled (median age 28 years; 63.2% males). Majority of the acute poisoning cases resulted from ingestion ( n = 391, 97.3%) and the primary intention was most commonly self-harm ( n = 314, 78.1%). The major types of poisoning were pesticide ( n = 264, 65.7%), drug overdose ( n = 77, 19.2%), and corrosive ingestion ( n = 31, 7.7%). Pesticides included insecticides ( n = 146, 36.3%; cholinesterase inhibitors, n = 91), fungicides ( n = 76, 18.9%; all aluminum phosphide), herbicides ( n = 22, 5.5%; paraquat, n = 19), and rodenticides ( n = 20, 5.0%; coumarin-derived substances, n = 12). Benzodiazepines ( n = 33) and opioids ( n = 25) were frequent causes of drug overdose. 95.3% ( n = 379) received preliminary treatment at the previous health-care center, including gastric lavage ( n = 239) and antidotes ( n = 73). In-hospital case fatality rate was 17.3% ( n = 58). CONCLUSION: Herbicide ingestion and opioid overdose are emerging threats with a gradual decline in organophosphate and aluminum phosphide poisoning. Despite improving management of acute poisoning, the overall case fatality rate remains substantial.

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“…Naphthalene has triggered the genes associated with metabolism, oxidative stress, and reproduction. Currently its toxicity has been reported in the areas where naphthalene mothballs are commonly used in household its accidental exposure in humans abruptly leads to critical respiratory despair, haemolysis, renal failure, methemoglobinemia and dysfunction of the brain [44].…”

Section: Naphthalenementioning

confidence: 99%

Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia: A Review on the Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

Ahmad

2021

Arab J Sci Eng

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are considered as import contaminants portraying diverse ecological and public health apprehension due to their properties such as water solubility, toxicity, bioaccumulation potential and recalcitrant nature. Due to their contrary impact on the human wellbeing and other organisms in the biosphere, research is in progress to remove PAHs from the environment. Several physicochemical methods can be used for the removal of PAHs; however, its bioremediation using microorganisms is a benign and ecofriendly approach. Various strains of bacteria and microalgae are capable to potentially degrade or transform PAHs through their indigenous metabolic pathways. However, their biodegradability potential hindered by the cytotoxic effect of petroleum hydrocarbons, unfavorable environmental conditions, metabolic constrains, hydrocarbon composition, concentration, type and number of microorganisms. During the last decade, different microalgae species have been reported capable of biodegrading PAHs. Moreover, the interaction between microalgae and bacteria PAH metabolic pathways overcomes some rate limiting step(s) observed in single species. Thus, an alternative paradigm "Microalgae-Bacteria Consortia" is emerging as a new strategy to be adopted for the efficient detoxification and removal of the PAH pollutants. This review article aimed to provide an update of the current knowledge on the toxic effects of PAHs in various organisms as well as the symbiotic interactions between different bacteria and microalgae species in the degradation/transformation of PAHs. In addition, environmental factors are highlighted to elucidate how PAHs influence the growth of microalgae within a symbiotic framework with bacteria counterpart. The ultimate outcome of this paper can be beneficial to expedite the progress of new research into the bioremediation of PAHs from the contaminated environments.

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Naphthalene Toxicity in Clinical Practice

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Severe copper sulphate poisoning: A case rescued with plasmapheresis

Severe copper sulphate poisoning: A case rescued with plasmapheresis

Changing spectrum of acute poisoning in North India: A hospital-based descriptive study

Microalgae–Bacteria Consortia: A Review on the Degradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

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