Naphthalene toxicity in CD-1 mice: General toxicology and immunotoxicology

Shopp, George M.; White, Kimber L.; Holsapple, Michael P.; Barnes, Donald W.; Duke, Scherer S.; Anderson, Alice C.; Condie, Lyman W.; Hayes, Jeffrey A.; Borzelleca, Joseph F.

doi:10.1016/0272-0590(84)90198-2

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This lack of naphthalene-induced hemolytic anemia was also observed in CD-1 mice given up to 133 mg naphthalene/kg body weight for 90 days (Shopp et al, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Rabbits are sensitive to naphthalene-induced cataracts (Van Heyningen and Pirie, 1976); albino rats are resistant, while pigmented rats are susceptible (Koch et al, 1976). The albino CD-1 mouse was also found to be resistant to naphthalene-induced cataracts formation (Shopp et al, 1984). It has been suggested that resistant strains have lower catechol reductase and/or phenol oxidase activity.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Naphthalene: A Respiratory Tract Toxicant and Carcinogen for Mice

Abdo

Eustis

McDonald

et al. 1992

Inhalation Toxicology

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The toxicologic and carcinogenic potential of naphthalene was studied by exposing groups of male and female B 6 U F , mice to atmospheres containing 0 (7.5 mice per sex), 70 ppm (7.5 mice per sex), or 30 ppm (150 mice per sex) of the chemical for 6 h daily, 5 dayslwk for 703 wk. The final mean body weights of mice exposed to naphthalene were similar to those of the controls. The survival of control male mice was significantly lower than that of the exposed males. The lower survival was attributed to wound trauma and secondary infection related to fighting among the group-housed control animals. There was no significant difference in survival between control and exposed female mice. Under the conditions of this 2-yr study, naphthalene was not carcinogenic to male mice. In female mice it caused an increase in the incidence of pulmonary alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas. Naphthalene also caused an increase in the incidence and severity of chronic inflammation, olfactory epithelium metaplasia of hyperplasia of the nasal respiratory epithelium, and chronic nasal inflammation in the lungs of mice of each sex.A complete account for this study was presented in National Toxicology Program Technical Report 410 entitled "Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Naphthalene." 393 Inhalation Toxicology, 4993409,1992 Copyright 0 1992 by Hemisphere Publishing Corporation Inhalation Toxicology Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by McMaster University on 02/20/15 For personal use only. 394 K. M. ABDO ET AL.

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“…This lack of naphthalene-induced hemolytic anemia was also observed in CD-1 mice given up to 133 mg naphthalene/kg body weight for 90 days (Shopp et al, 1984).…”

mentioning

confidence: 77%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Naphthalene: A Respiratory Tract Toxicant and Carcinogen for Mice

Abdo

Eustis

McDonald

et al. 1992

Inhalation Toxicology

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“…In a limited study Shopp et al (1984) tested naphthalene (NAP) in CD-1 mice. Male and female mice were exposed by gavage to 5.…”

Section: Non Alkylated-aromatic Hydrocarbonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons in Food

2012

EFS2

102

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Consumers are exposed to a range of mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) via food. Mineral oil saturated hydrocarbons (MOSH) consist of linear and branched alkanes, and alkyl-substituted cyclo-alkanes, whilst mineral oil aromatic hydrocarbons (MOAH) include mainly alkyl-substituted polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Products, commonly specified according to their physico-chemical properties, may differ in chemical composition depending on the oil source. Technical grade MOH contain 15 -35 % MOAH, which is minimised in food grade MOSH (white oils). Major sources of MOH in food are food packaging and additives, processing aids, and lubricants. Estimated MOSH exposure ranged from 0.03 to 0.3 mg/kg b.w. per day, with higher exposure in children. Specific production practices of bread and grains may provide additional MOSH exposure. Except for white oils, exposure to MOAH is about 20 % of that of MOSH. Absorption of alkanes with carbon number above C 35 is negligible. Branched and cyclic alkanes are less efficiently oxidised than n-alkanes. MOSH from C 16 to C 35 may accumulate and cause microgranulomas in several tissues including lymph nodes, spleen and liver. Hepatic microgranulomas associated with inflammation in Fischer 344 rats were considered the critical effect. The no-observed-adverse-effect level for induction of liver microgranulomas by the most potent MOSH, 19 mg/kg b.w. per day, was used as a Reference Point for calculating margins of exposure (MOEs) for background MOSH exposure. MOEs ranged from 59 to 680. Hence, background exposure to MOSH via food in 1 On request from the European Commission, Question No EFSA-Q-2010-00170, adopted on 3 May 2012. 2 SUMMARYFollowing a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM Panel) was asked to deliver a scientific opinion on mineral oil hydrocarbons (MOH) in Food. Mineral oil hydrocarbons occur in food both as a result of contamination and from various intentional uses in food production. In order to assess the need for possible regulatory measures as regards MOH in food, EFSA was requested to assess the risks related to their occurrence in food. More specifically, the opinion should evaluate whether new toxicity data are available and whether the current acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) are still applicable, explore whether certain classes (or subclasses) of MOH are more relevant due to their toxicity or to differences in the way they are metabolised by the human body, and identify the different background sources, other than from adulteration or misuse, of MOH occurrence in food. In addition a dietary exposure assessment was requested for the general population and for specific subgroups of the population (e.g. infants, children and people following specific diets), by taking into account the background occurrence of MOH in food. Included in the request was also to advise on MOH and food classes to be included if monitoring were to be set up for their presence in food.The scientific literature and other sources were s...

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“…Histopathology was not conducted in this study (Shopp et al, 1984). The study identified a LOAEL of 133 mg/kg bw/day and a NOAEL of 53 mg/kg bw/day based upon the significant decreases in absolute weight of brain, liver and spleen and relative weight of spleen in female mice.…”

Section: Subgroup Ivbmentioning

confidence: 96%

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31

Flavourings¹

2010

EFSA Journal

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Naphthalene toxicity in CD-1 mice: General toxicology and immunotoxicology

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Naphthalene: A Respiratory Tract Toxicant and Carcinogen for Mice

Naphthalene: A Respiratory Tract Toxicant and Carcinogen for Mice

Scientific Opinion on Mineral Oil Hydrocarbons in Food

Scientific Opinion on Flavouring Group Evaluation 25Rev1: Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from chemical group 31

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