“…Regarding the XPS spectrum of P 2p, the doublet situated at 129.5 and 130.2 eV is attributed to P 2p 3/2 and P 2p 1/2 in Co–P, respectively. And the other peak at 133.8 eV can be indexed to spontaneous oxidized P–O species in air. , As depicted in Figure c, the spectrum of C 1s can be fitted to a series of peaks at 284.5, 285.6, 286.6, 288.1, and 290.0 eV, which can be identified as CC, C–C, C–O/C–N, CO/CN, and C satellite peak. − In the high-resolution N 1s XPS spectrum (Figure d), four deconvoluted peaks of pyridinic N (398.1 eV), pyrrolic N (399.1 eV), graphitic N (400.9 eV), and oxidized N (403.8 eV) are observed, signifying the successful doping of N into a carbon matrix. The heteroatom site is also regarded as efficient anchors to bind a CoP nanoparticle with strong interaction for efficient electrocatalysis …”