Nanowaveguide Enhanced Photothermal Interferometry Spectroscopy

Qi, Yiquan; Yang, Fan; Lin, Yuechuan; Jin, Wei; Ho, S. L.

doi:10.1109/jlt.2017.2773121

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…FTIR [24] 50 cm suspended-core chalcogenide fiber N.A. 4.1 × 10 −3 >200 < 20 PTS [12] 1.2 cm single-mode silica microfiber 11 6.3 ×10 −7 >1.1 × 10 3 N. A. This work 5.6 cm two-mode silica microfiber 110 6.0 × 10 −8 2.5 × 10 6 < 6 a) TDLAS, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy; WMS, wavelength modulation spectroscopy; FTIR, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is exactly the opposite of that in an HCF, [ 13 ] where the optimum pump configuration is all pump power in fundamental mode ( η =1). Based on the numerical models in our previous works, [ 12,13 ] χ is calculated to be ∼17 or 5 times larger than that in an HCF at f H = 1 or 5 kHz, respectively (Note S2, Supporting Information). This may be due to a combination of high power density of the evanescent field, effective thermal isolation of gas cladding, and large thermo‐optic coefficient of silica.…”

Section: Basic Principle Of Evanescent‐wave Mpd‐ptsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The TOC of silica (∼10 −5 K −1 ) is much larger than that of gas (e.g., ∼−10 −6 K −1 for nitrogen), and the RI modulation (hence PT phase modulation) caused by the same temperature rise can be orders of magnitude higher than that in a HCF. [ 12 ] These features make it possible to achieve higher sensitivity gas detection using the microfiber evanescent‐wave MPD‐PTS.…”

Section: Basic Principle Of Evanescent‐wave Mpd‐ptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With an adiabatic tapered silica nanofiber, sensitive gas detection was achieved by measuring the phase modulation of the fundamental HE 11 mode using a two‐beam Mach–Zehnder interferometer. [ 12 ] However, the system is susceptible to environmental disturbance, the consequence of which would introduce wide‐band electrical noise and stability degradation via the phase stabilization of the interferometer. Recently, we developed a novel technique named mode‐phase‐difference (MPD) PTS, [ 13 ] which uses a two‐mode hollow‐core fiber (HCF) and detects the difference of photothermal (PT) phase modulation between the two guided modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evanescent Wave Lab‐on‐Fiber for High Sensitivity Gas Spectroscopy with Wide Dynamic Range and Long‐Term Stability

Zhao

Fan

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Micro/nano waveguide has been widely exploited for gas sensing due to its strong confinement of evanescent field, compact size, and fast response. However, the state-or-the-art evanescent-wave gas sensors still struggle to satisfy the requirements of high sensitivity, high selectivity, large dynamic range, and long-term stability. In this work, microfiber-based evanescent-wave mode-phase-difference photothermal spectroscopy for trace gas detection is reported. With a microfiber of 5.6 cm in length and 2.36 µm in diameter, noise-equivalent-concentration of 160 ppb methane in nitrogen is achieved with a dynamic range over 6 orders of magnitude, response time of less than 6 s, and <3% instability over 7 days. The technique utilizes commercial fiber-optic components to make cost-effective lab-on-fiber probes with real-time and remote detection capability for industrial, medical, and environmental monitoring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Basic Principle Of Evanescent‐wave Mpd‐ptsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Basic Principle Of Evanescent‐wave Mpd‐ptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evanescent Wave Lab‐on‐Fiber for High Sensitivity Gas Spectroscopy with Wide Dynamic Range and Long‐Term Stability

Zhao

Fan

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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“…According to Qi, [ 95 ] the removal rate of inclusions dramatically rose as the particle size of the inclusions increased, reaching over 90% when the particle size class of the inclusions was 150–270 μm; however, the removal rate of inclusions >75 μm was only 64.19%. Huang [ 96 ] demonstrated that the flow of the steel was greatly enhanced in an air curtain retaining wall intermediate ladle, with the removal rate of inclusions rising from 44.86% to 72.86% without blowing, and the removal of small inclusions was improved. Air curtain retaining walls have been demonstrated to reduce T[O] by more than 12% in industrial trials.…”

Section: Experimental Study On Inclusion Removalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Status of Numerical Simulation of Nonmetallic Inclusions Interfacial Removal

Sun

Yang

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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The removal of inclusions in liquid steel has always been the focus of research, and the removal of inclusions is mainly through the process of the inclusion through the slag–steel interface. The inclusion removal process can be subdivided into inclusions in molten steel grew up rise, in steel–slag interface through separation, adsorb dissolved in molten slag 3 steps. Based on the microscopic process of three steps, this article summarizes and discusses the mathematical model, fluid mechanics model, and experimental verification method of inclusion removal process, analyzes limiting and influencing factors of inclusion removal process, and comprehensively describes the numerical simulation research progress of inclusion removal process. With the development of numerical simulation techniques and experimental equipment, some progress has been made in the study of interfacial removal of inclusions. The inclusion interface removal behavior can be analyzed semiquantitatively based on dynamic force model. The computational fluid dynamics model has advantages in studying the phenomena of the inclusion interface, and the phase‐field method is often used to simulate the removal process of the inclusion interface. The combination of water model and numerical simulation, high‐temperature laser confocal method, and other methods is of great help to explore the interface behavior of inclusions.

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Photothermally Induced Birefringence in an Optical Nanofiber for All‐Optical Polarization Manipulation

Liao

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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This study reports the experimental observation of photothermally induced birefringence (PIB) in an optical nanofiber (NF). The PIB originates from the interaction between the azimuthally asymmetric evanescent field of a guided pump beam in HE 11 mode and the gas molecules surrounding the NF. Light absorption of gas molecules results in azimuthal inhomogeneity in gas density, which induces birefringence of the NF waveguide. The swift heat transfer and molecular transportation in sub-micrometer scale accounts for the fast response of the PIB with a measured rising and falling time within 9 and 70 ns, respectively. With a 12-mm-long NF, phase retardance as large as 3𝝅 is achieved. A theoretical model based on the rate equation is also developed for studying the photothermal dynamics and gas kinetics in PIB generation. This novel model is well consolidated by the numerical simulations, with the results agreeing well with the experiments. In consideration of the extremely low insertion loss, fast response, and reconfigurable principal axes of birefringence, the PIB can be used for all-optical polarization manipulation. In addition, NF with PIB can also be an interesting platform for studies of gas-surface interaction, light-sound interaction controlling, sub-micrometer scale heat and mass transfer, and molecular spectroscopy.

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Nanowaveguide Enhanced Photothermal Interferometry Spectroscopy

Abstract: en m ev tra tem m wa th de wi wa m 15 lon de am eff This is the Pre-Published Version.

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Evanescent Wave Lab‐on‐Fiber for High Sensitivity Gas Spectroscopy with Wide Dynamic Range and Long‐Term Stability

Evanescent Wave Lab‐on‐Fiber for High Sensitivity Gas Spectroscopy with Wide Dynamic Range and Long‐Term Stability

Research Status of Numerical Simulation of Nonmetallic Inclusions Interfacial Removal

Photothermally Induced Birefringence in an Optical Nanofiber for All‐Optical Polarization Manipulation

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