Abstract:In
this work, nanovoid-enhanced thin-film composite (TFC) membranes
have been successfully fabricated using ZIF-67 nanoparticles as the
sacrificial template. By incorporating different amounts of ZIF-67
during interfacial polymerization, the resultant TFC membranes can
have different degrees of nanovoids after self-degradation of ZIF-67
in water, consequently influencing their physiochemical properties
and separation performance. Nanovoid structures endow the membranes
with additional passages for water molecu… Show more
“…The five main diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 7.34, 10.37, 12.71, 18.0, and 26.63 can be clearly observed, which correspond to the (001), (002), ( 112), (222), and (134) crystals planes of ZIF-67, respectively (Figure 1f). 40 We confirm the surface functional groups of ZIF-67 by FTIR analysis (Figure 1g). The band position at 422 cm −1 is associated with Co−N stretching, and the bands from 600 to 1311 cm −1 are due to the plane binding and stretching of the imidazole ring.…”
Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Phase purity and structural details of the seed particles were analyzed by XRD analysis. The five main diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 7.34, 10.37, 12.71, 18.0, and 26.63 can be clearly observed, which correspond to the (001), (002), (112), (222), and (134) crystals planes of ZIF-67, respectively (Figure f) . We confirm the surface functional groups of ZIF-67 by FTIR analysis (Figure g).…”
Light-powered fuel-free colloidal motors possess significant potential for practical applications ranging from nanomedicine to environmental remediation. However, current lightpowered colloidal motors often require the incorporation of expensive metals or high concentrations of toxic chemical fuels, which is a severe limitation for their practical applications. Integrating highly ordered and porous materials with a large surface area into colloidal motors is a promising strategy for upsurging their self-propelled speed and adsorption, which will benefit many applications. Here, highly efficient, fuel-free, and light-activated metal organic framework (MOF)-3trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate Janus colloidal motors with a hierarchical morphology are reported. These colloidal motors can be driven by UV or visible light, with a self-propelled speed tuned by the light intensity. The speed can be further enhanced by morphology optimization or by the addition of H 2 O 2 as a fuel. The colloidal motors display a superior efficiency in removing heavy metal ions of Hg, which is up to ∼90% within 40 min from the contaminated water, attributed to their high surface area, hierarchical morphology, large number of active sites, and high mobility. This work not only offers a facile approach to incorporate a versatile MOF family into the design of fuel-free and light-powered Janus colloidal motors, but also demonstrates their potential for real-life applications such as environmental remediation.
“…The five main diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 7.34, 10.37, 12.71, 18.0, and 26.63 can be clearly observed, which correspond to the (001), (002), ( 112), (222), and (134) crystals planes of ZIF-67, respectively (Figure 1f). 40 We confirm the surface functional groups of ZIF-67 by FTIR analysis (Figure 1g). The band position at 422 cm −1 is associated with Co−N stretching, and the bands from 600 to 1311 cm −1 are due to the plane binding and stretching of the imidazole ring.…”
Section: ■ Results and Discussionsupporting
confidence: 67%
“…Phase purity and structural details of the seed particles were analyzed by XRD analysis. The five main diffraction peaks at 2θ values of 7.34, 10.37, 12.71, 18.0, and 26.63 can be clearly observed, which correspond to the (001), (002), (112), (222), and (134) crystals planes of ZIF-67, respectively (Figure f) . We confirm the surface functional groups of ZIF-67 by FTIR analysis (Figure g).…”
Light-powered fuel-free colloidal motors possess significant potential for practical applications ranging from nanomedicine to environmental remediation. However, current lightpowered colloidal motors often require the incorporation of expensive metals or high concentrations of toxic chemical fuels, which is a severe limitation for their practical applications. Integrating highly ordered and porous materials with a large surface area into colloidal motors is a promising strategy for upsurging their self-propelled speed and adsorption, which will benefit many applications. Here, highly efficient, fuel-free, and light-activated metal organic framework (MOF)-3trimethoxysilyl propyl methacrylate Janus colloidal motors with a hierarchical morphology are reported. These colloidal motors can be driven by UV or visible light, with a self-propelled speed tuned by the light intensity. The speed can be further enhanced by morphology optimization or by the addition of H 2 O 2 as a fuel. The colloidal motors display a superior efficiency in removing heavy metal ions of Hg, which is up to ∼90% within 40 min from the contaminated water, attributed to their high surface area, hierarchical morphology, large number of active sites, and high mobility. This work not only offers a facile approach to incorporate a versatile MOF family into the design of fuel-free and light-powered Janus colloidal motors, but also demonstrates their potential for real-life applications such as environmental remediation.
“…(Panel 3) Mechanistic illustration of enhanced membrane rejection of OMPs through controlling membrane–OMPs interactions (e.g., suppressed hydrophobic interactions, , enhanced size exclusion, , and increased electrostatic repulsion) using surface coating. (Panel 4) Water pathways and OMPs rejection by interlayered thin film nanocomposite (TFNi) membranes in the cases of using gutter layer and sacrificial nanofillers …”
Membrane-based water reuse through reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) faces a critical challenge from organic micropollutants (OMPs). Conventional polyamide RO and NF membranes often lack adequate selectivity to achieve sufficient removal of toxic and harmful OMPs in water. Tailoring membrane chemistry and structure to allow highly selective removal of OMPs has risen as an important topic in membrane-based water reuse. However, a critical literature gap remains to be addressed: how to design membranes for more selective removal of OMPs. In this review, we critically analyzed the roles of membrane chemistry and structure on the removal of OMPs and highlighted opportunities and strategies toward more selective removal of OMPs in the context of water reuse. Specifically, we statistically analyzed rejection of OMPs by conventional polyamide membranes to illustrate their drawbacks on OMPs removal, followed by a discussion on the underlying fundamental mechanisms. Corresponding strategies to tailor membrane properties for improving membrane selectivity against OMPs, including surface modification, nanoarchitecture construction, and deployment of alternative membrane materials, were systematically assessed in terms of water permeance, OMPs rejection, and water−OMPs selectivity. In the end, we discussed the potential and challenges of various strategies for scale-up in real applications.
“…[33,34] These functional groups can improve membrane hydrophilicity. [35,36] Hydrophilic surface can capture more water molecules and enhance water flux. The TFC membrane exhibits a contact angle of 80…”
Section: the Structures And Properties Of Polyamide Membrane And P...mentioning
Forward osmosis (FO) driven by osmotic pressure difference has great potential in water treatment. However, it remains a challenge to maintain a steady water flux at continuous operation. Herein, a FO and photothermal evaporation (PE) coupling system (FO-PE) based on high-performance polyamide FO membrane and photothermal polypyrrole nano-sponge (PPy/sponge) is developed for continuous FO separation with a steady water flux. The PE unit with a photothermal PPy/sponge floating on the surface of draw solution (DS) can continuously in situ concentrate DS by solar-driven interfacial water evaporation, which effectively offsets the dilution effect due to the injected water from FO unit. A good balance between the permeated water in FO and the evaporated water in PE can be established by coordinately regulating the initial concentration of DS and light intensity. As a consequence, the polyamide FO membrane exhibits a steady water flux of 11.7 L m -2 h -1 over time under FO coupling PE condition, effectively alleviating the decline in water flux under FO alone. Additionally, it shows a low reverse salt flux of 3 g m -2 h -1 . The FO-PE coupling system utilizing clean and renewable solar energy to achieve a continuous FO separation is significantly meaningful for practical applications.
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